Schwartz L B, Atkins P C, Bradford T R, Fleekop P, Shalit M, Zweiman B
Department of Medicine, Medical College of Virginia, Richmond 23298.
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1987 Dec;80(6):850-5. doi: 10.1016/s0091-6749(87)80276-2.
Better in vivo techniques are needed for objective assessment of mast cell-dependent events. Tryptase, a neutral protease selectively concentrated in human mast cells, appears along with histamine in skin chamber fluid overlying sites of allergen challenge in sensitive human subjects. Maximal amounts of histamine were found 0 minutes to 30 minutes after challenge; maximal amounts of tryptase were found 30 minutes to 60 minutes after challenge. The later appearance of tryptase most likely reflects its slower diffusion through tissue after release of tryptase from cutaneous mast cells as a macromolecular complex with proteoglycan. The mean weight ratio of tryptase (134,000 molecular weight tetramer) to histamine (111 molecular weight) in chamber fluid after allergen challenge during a 1-hour time course was 4:1. Total amounts of tryptase and histamine recovered in the 0.3 ml chamber fluid samples after a 1-hour challenge averaged 95 ng and 26 ng, respectively. Tryptase levels in skin chamber fluid are an accurate indicator of mast cell activation.
需要更好的体内技术来客观评估肥大细胞依赖性事件。类胰蛋白酶是一种选择性地集中在人肥大细胞中的中性蛋白酶，在敏感的人类受试者中，在过敏原激发部位上方的皮肤腔室液中，它与组胺同时出现。激发后0分钟至30分钟发现组胺的最大量；激发后30分钟至60分钟发现类胰蛋白酶的最大量。类胰蛋白酶较晚出现很可能反映了它作为一种与蛋白聚糖结合的大分子复合物从皮肤肥大细胞释放后，在组织中扩散较慢。在1小时的时间进程中，过敏原激发后腔室液中类胰蛋白酶（分子量134,000的四聚体）与组胺（分子量111）的平均重量比为4:1。1小时激发后，在0.3 ml腔室液样本中回收的类胰蛋白酶和组胺总量平均分别为95 ng和26 ng。皮肤腔室液中的类胰蛋白酶水平是肥大细胞活化的准确指标。
