Liu Huixia, Liu Feiyue, Xiao Shuiyuan, Zhou Pengxiang
Department of Work Injury Prevention, Work Injury Rehabilitation Center of Guangdong, Guangzhou 510440; Department of Social Medicine, School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China.
Zhong Nan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban. 2014 Jan;39(1):84-90. doi: 10.11817/j.issn.1672-7347.2014.01.015.
To understand the epidemiological characteristics of workers who are burn patients, and to provide basis for prevention and treatment of burn at work.
We investigated 4 078 burn workers in 9 cities in Hunan provincial enterprises, and different trades managed by municipal government from January 1st, 2005 to December 31st, 2010.
The incidence rate of employment injury was 94.84 per 10 thousand workers each year in Hunan. That of the enterprises directly managed by Hunan Medical Insurance Bureau was 93.71 per 10 thousand workers each year, and that of the enterprises managed by Medical Insurance Bureaus of cities or districts was 95.02 per 10 thousand workers each year. The burn incidence accounted for 2.00% of the total work injury in Hunan Province (7.35% in the enterprises directly managed by Hunan Medical Insurance Bureau and 1.39% in districts and industries). There were 4 078 burn patients from the sorted units [1 823 out-patients and 2 255 in-patients; 3 498 males (85.78%) and 580 females (14.22%) with age of (38.64±11.56) years]. The ratio between males and females was 6.03:1. Among the 4 078 patients, 2 979 were from the rural area (71.78%), with 1 100 out-patients and 1 379 in-patients. The burn was mostly mild and moderate (64.66%), and mainly occurred on the face, head, arms, and legs (61.55%). The main causes of burn were heating power (74.1%), chemical stuff (14.37%), and electric power (10.78%). The death rate was 1.42%. The burn accidents often happened between July and September. The average time from being burned to be in the hospital for treatment was 3.91 hours.
Burn accidents, especially mild and moderate burn, occur mainly in young, married and poorly educated males from rural areas. Heating power, chemical stuff, and electric power are the key causes for burn. Work injury prevention measures should be improved in high risk enterprises.
了解烧伤职工的流行病学特征，为工作场所烧伤的防治提供依据。
对2005年1月1日至2010年12月31日湖南省9个城市省属企业及市政府所属不同行业的4078名烧伤职工进行调查。
湖南省工伤年发病率为94.84/万职工。湖南省医保局直属企业工伤年发病率为93.71/万职工，市（区）医保局管理企业工伤年发病率为95.02/万职工。烧伤发生率占湖南省工伤总数的2.00%（湖南省医保局直属企业为7.35%，市（区）及行业为1.39%）。纳入单位的烧伤患者共4078例[门诊1823例，住院2255例；男性3498例（85.78%），女性580例（14.22%），年龄（38.64±11.56）岁]。男女比例为6.03∶1。4078例患者中，农村患者2979例（71.78%），其中门诊1100例，住院1379例。烧伤以轻、中度为主（64.66%），主要发生在面、头、手臂及腿部（61.55%）。烧伤主要原因依次为热力（74.1%）、化学物质（14.37%）、电力（10.78%）。死亡率为1.42%。烧伤事故多发生在7～9月。烧伤至住院治疗的平均时间为3.91小时。
烧伤事故，尤其是轻、中度烧伤，主要发生在农村地区年轻、已婚、文化程度低的男性。热力、化学物质和电力是烧伤的主要原因。高危企业应加强工伤预防措施。
