Badran Karam W, Waki Curt, Hamamoto Ashley, Manz Ryan, Wong Brian J F
Beckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, California.
Division of Facial Plastic Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of California-Irvine, Orange, California.
Facial Plast Surg. 2014 Feb;30(1):76-80. doi: 10.1055/s-0033-1363754. Epub 2014 Jan 31.
Rib grafts in facial plastic surgery are becoming more frequently used. Small animal models, although not ideal may be used to emulate costal cartilage-based procedures. A surgical characterization of this tissue will assist future research in the selection of appropriate costal segments, based on quantitative and qualitative properties. The objective of this study is to assess the surgical anatomy of the rabbit costal margin and evaluate costal cartilage for use in either in vivo or ex vivo studies and to examine reconstructive procedures. Detailed thoracic dissections of 21 New Zealand white rabbits were performed post-mortem. Costal cartilage of true, false, and floating ribs were harvested. The length, thickness, and width at proximal, medial, and distal locations of the cartilage, with perichondrium intact were measured. Further qualitative observation and digital images of curvature, flexibility, and segmental cross-sectional shape were recorded. The main outcome measure(s) is to characterize, describe, and assess the consistency of dimensions, location, and shape of costal cartilage. In this study, 12 to 13 ribs encase the thoracic cavity. Cartilage from true ribs has an average length, width, and depth of 23.75 ± 0.662, 3.02 ± 0.025, and 2.18 ± 0.018 mm, respectively. The cartilage from false ribs has an average length, width, and depth of 41.97 ± 1.48, 2.00 ± 0.07, 1.19 ± 0.03 mm, and that of floating ribs are 7.66 ± 0.29, 1.98 ± 0.04, and 0.96 ± 0.03 mm. Rib 8 is found to be the longest costal cartilage (49.10 ± 0.64 mm), with the widest and thickest at ribs 1 (3.91 ± 0.08 mm) and 6 (2.41 ± 0.11 mm), respectively. Cross-sectional segments reveal the distal cartilage to maintain an hourglass shape that broadens to become circular and eventually ovoid at the costochondral junction. The New Zealand white rabbit is a practical source of costal cartilage that is of sufficient size and reproducibility to use in surgical research where the long-term effects of operations, therapies, devices, and pharmacologic on cartilage can be studied in vivo.
肋软骨移植在面部整形手术中的应用越来越频繁。小动物模型虽然并不理想，但可用于模拟基于肋软骨的手术。对这种组织进行手术特征描述，将有助于未来基于定量和定性特性选择合适肋段的研究。本研究的目的是评估兔肋缘的手术解剖结构，评估用于体内或体外研究的肋软骨，并研究重建手术。对21只新西兰白兔进行详细的胸部解剖。采集真肋、假肋和浮肋的肋软骨。测量软骨近端、中间和远端位置的长度、厚度和宽度，软骨膜保持完整。记录曲率、柔韧性和节段横截面形状的进一步定性观察和数字图像。主要结局指标是表征、描述和评估肋软骨尺寸、位置和形状的一致性。在本研究中，12至13根肋骨包围胸腔。真肋软骨的平均长度、宽度和深度分别为23.75±0.662、3.02±0.025和2.18±0.018毫米。假肋软骨的平均长度、宽度和深度分别为41.97±1.48、2.00±0.07、1.19±0.03毫米，浮肋软骨的平均长度、宽度和深度分别为7.66±0.29、1.98±0.04和0.96±0.03毫米。发现第8肋是最长的肋软骨（49.10±0.64毫米），第1肋最宽（3.91±0.08毫米），第6肋最厚（2.41±0.11毫米）。横截面显示远端软骨保持沙漏形，在肋软骨交界处变宽成圆形，最终变为椭圆形。新西兰白兔是一种实用的肋软骨来源，其大小足够且具有可重复性，可用于手术研究，在体内研究手术、治疗、器械和药物对软骨的长期影响。
