Theilade J, Pang K M
Department of Periodontology and Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Hong Kong.
Scanning Microsc. 1987 Dec;1(4):1983-9.
Black stain may develop on the coronal surfaces of human teeth, and this type of stain is common in the Hong Kong Chinese population. The present study was undertaken to ascertain if the deposit conforms in composition to the black stain found elsewhere, and to describe its ultrastructure using the scanning electron microscope. Gram-stained smears were made from black stain on the teeth of 11 adult Hong Kong Chinese and studied microscopically. From another 15 persons extracted teeth exhibiting black stain were obtained and fixed. Two ground sections were made from each tooth, one was stained with toluidine blue, the other was dried and prepared for scanning electron microscopy. The gram-stained smears demonstrated predominantly gram-positive filamentous microorganisms with an admixture of gram-positive cocci and rods. The ground sections revealed a deposit on the outer surface of the enamel, which was clearly divided into two distinctly different layers: an inner yellow opaque layer, and an outer layer of microorganisms. Scanning electron microscopy demonstrated that the deposit consisted entirely of microorganisms, and that in portions close to the enamel they were often obscured by a substance indicative of calcification. Thus the black stain found on the teeth of Hong Kong Chinese is similar in composition and structure to that reported to occur in other populations. The black stain is a special type of dental plaque characterized by its simple flora and its tendency to calcify.
人类牙齿的冠部表面可能会出现黑色污渍，这种污渍在香港华人中很常见。本研究旨在确定该沉积物的成分是否与其他地方发现的黑色污渍一致，并使用扫描电子显微镜描述其超微结构。对11名成年香港华人牙齿上的黑色污渍进行革兰氏染色涂片，并进行显微镜研究。从另外15人身上获取了有黑色污渍的拔牙并进行固定。每颗牙齿制作两个磨片，一个用甲苯胺蓝染色，另一个干燥后用于扫描电子显微镜检查。革兰氏染色涂片显示主要为革兰氏阳性丝状微生物，伴有革兰氏阳性球菌和杆菌。磨片显示牙釉质外表面有沉积物，明显分为两个截然不同的层：内层黄色不透明层和外层微生物层。扫描电子显微镜显示沉积物完全由微生物组成，在靠近牙釉质的部分，它们常常被一种表明钙化的物质所掩盖。因此，在香港华人牙齿上发现的黑色污渍在成分和结构上与其他人群中报道的相似。这种黑色污渍是一种特殊类型的牙菌斑，其特点是菌群简单且有钙化倾向。
