综述：环核苷酸信号传导和磷酸二酯酶抑制对纹状体神经元活动的调节
Review: Modulation of striatal neuron activity by cyclic nucleotide signaling and phosphodiesterase inhibition.
作者信息
Threlfell Sarah, West Anthony R
机构信息
University Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, Sherrington Building, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PT.
Department of Neuroscience, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, 3333 Green Bay Road, North Chicago, IL, 60064, USA.
出版信息
Basal Ganglia. 2013 Dec 1;3(3):137-146. doi: 10.1016/j.baga.2013.08.001.
The cyclic nucleotides cAMP and cGMP are common signaling molecules synthesized in neurons following the activation of adenylyl or guanylyl cyclase. In the striatum, the synthesis and degradation of cAMP and cGMP is highly regulated as these second messengers have potent effects on the activity of striatonigral and striatopallidal neurons. This review will summarize the literature on cyclic nucleotide signaling in the striatum with a particular focus on the impact of cAMP and cGMP on the membrane excitability of striatal medium-sized spiny output neurons (MSNs). The effects of non-selective and selective phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitors on membrane activity and synaptic plasticity of MSNs will also be reviewed. Lastly, this review will discuss the implications of the effects PDE modulation on electrophysiological activity of striatal MSNs as it relates to the treatment of neurological disorders such as Huntington's and Parkinson's disease.
环核苷酸cAMP和cGMP是腺苷酸环化酶或鸟苷酸环化酶激活后在神经元中合成的常见信号分子。在纹状体中，cAMP和cGMP的合成与降解受到高度调控，因为这些第二信使对纹状体黑质和纹状体苍白球神经元的活性有强大影响。本综述将总结关于纹状体中环核苷酸信号传导的文献，特别关注cAMP和cGMP对纹状体中型多棘输出神经元（MSNs）膜兴奋性的影响。还将综述非选择性和选择性磷酸二酯酶（PDE）抑制剂对MSNs膜活性和突触可塑性的影响。最后，本综述将讨论PDE调节对纹状体MSNs电生理活性的影响，因为这与亨廷顿舞蹈症和帕金森病等神经疾病的治疗有关。
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