Huber P R, Schnell Y, Hering F, Rutishauser G
Department of Gynecology, University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland.
Scand J Urol Nephrol Suppl. 1987;104:33-9.
A commercially available radioimmunoassay (RIA) for prostate specific antigen (PSA) was investigated in respect to its analytical specificity and its clinical applicability for the diagnosis of prostate cancer. PSA detected in serum by RIA was immunochemically identical to PSA found in seminal plasma. PSA is not a single protein but rather a group of isoproteins with different isoelectric points (pI) in the pH range 6-8. Furthermore PSA could be split in subunits by means of denaturing electrophoresis under reducing conditions. Unlike prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) serum PSA was stable at room temperature. In sera of patients with benign hyperplasia of the prostate (BPH) two significantly different populations were found. The lower group (0.5-5.8 ng/ml PSA) had PSA values comparable to the control group of apparently healthy males (0.5-6.3 ng/ml). The higher group between 7.7 and 12.2 ng/ml was also characteristic for early stages of prostate cancer (T0 and T1). PSA seemed to be correlated to the tumor volume and allowed to differentiate between early carcinomas of the prostate and BPH or possibly T0/1 staged prostate carcinoma. PSA may be a screening method for early cancer of the prostate.
针对一种市售的前列腺特异性抗原（PSA）放射免疫分析（RIA），研究了其分析特异性及其在前列腺癌诊断中的临床适用性。通过RIA在血清中检测到的PSA与在精浆中发现的PSA在免疫化学上是相同的。PSA不是单一蛋白质，而是一组等电点（pI）在pH 6 - 8范围内的同功蛋白。此外，在还原条件下通过变性电泳，PSA可被分解为亚基。与前列腺酸性磷酸酶（PAP）不同，血清PSA在室温下稳定。在前列腺良性增生（BPH）患者的血清中发现了两个明显不同的群体。较低组（PSA为0.5 - 5.8 ng/ml）的PSA值与明显健康男性的对照组（0.5 - 6.3 ng/ml）相当。7.7至12.2 ng/ml的较高组也是前列腺癌早期阶段（T0和T1）的特征。PSA似乎与肿瘤体积相关，并能够区分前列腺早期癌与BPH或可能处于T0/1期的前列腺癌。PSA可能是一种前列腺早期癌的筛查方法。
