Modeccin and volkensin but not abrin are effective suicide transport agents in rat CNS.

Suicide transport is a term applied to the technique of producing anatomically selective neural lesions using axonally transported cytotoxins. Because the cytotoxic lectins, abrin, modeccin and volkensin are effective suicide transport agents in the peripheral nervous system, the present study sought to determine if they were effective suicide transport agents in the rat CNS. Toxins were stereotactically pressure microinjected unilaterally into the caudate nucleus of rats. After 2-13 days survival, brain sections were processed for catecholamine histofluorescence or Nissl stained with Cresyl violet. All 3 agents produced extensive necrosis at the caudate injection site. In addition, modeccin and volkensin but not abrin produced destruction of neurons in the ipsilateral substantia nigra and intralaminar thalamus. Histofluorescence confirmed loss of dopaminergic neurons from the ipsilateral substantia nigra after modeccin or volkensin but not abrin injections. These results indicate that modeccin and volkensin are effective suicide transport agents within the rat CNS, presumably due to retrograde axonal transport of the toxins. These agents may prove extremely useful in producing anatomically selective lesions of neurons afferent to a toxin injection site.