Lyle Keith B, Edlin James M
a Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences , University of Louisville , Louisville , KY , USA.
Memory. 2015;23(2):187-202. doi: 10.1080/09658211.2013.877487. Epub 2014 Feb 6.
Making repetitive saccadic eye movements has been found to increase subsequent episodic memory retrieval and also to increase subsequent top-down attentional control. We theorise that these effects are related such that saccade-induced changes in attentional processing facilitate memory retrieval. We tested this idea by examining the effect of saccade execution on retrieval conditions that differed in relative ease of consciously accessing episodic memories. Based on recent theories of episodic retrieval, we reasoned that there is a larger role for top-down attention when memories are more difficult to access. Consequently, we expected saccade execution to have a greater facilitative effect on retrieval when memories were more difficult to access. We obtained the expected result in a recall procedure in Experiment 1 and in a recognition procedure in Experiment 2. We also examined an individual difference factor--consistency of handedness--as a possible moderator of saccade execution effects on retrieval. We discuss how our top-down attentional control hypothesis can be extended to explain beneficial effects of saccade execution on other types of cognition, as well as negative effects on retrieval in some cases.
研究发现，进行重复性的眼球快速跳动会增强后续的情景记忆提取能力，同时也会增强后续自上而下的注意力控制能力。我们提出理论，认为这些效应是相关联的，即眼球跳动引起的注意力加工变化有助于记忆提取。我们通过研究眼球跳动执行对不同难易程度的有意识提取情景记忆的检索条件的影响来验证这一观点。基于近期的情景记忆检索理论，我们推断，当记忆更难提取时，自上而下的注意力发挥的作用更大。因此，我们预期当记忆更难提取时，眼球跳动执行对检索的促进作用会更大。我们在实验1的回忆程序和实验2的识别程序中都得到了预期结果。我们还考察了一个个体差异因素——利手的一致性——作为眼球跳动执行对检索影响的一个可能调节因素。我们讨论了如何扩展我们的自上而下注意力控制假设，以解释眼球跳动执行对其他类型认知的有益影响，以及在某些情况下对检索的负面影响。
