Miller Keith R, McClave Stephen A, Kiraly Laszlo N, Martindale Robert G, Benns Matthew V
University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky.
JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2014 Mar-Apr;38(3):282-95. doi: 10.1177/0148607114522487. Epub 2014 Feb 5.
Enteral access is a cornerstone in the provision of nutrition support. Early and adequate enteral support has consistently demonstrated improved patient outcomes throughout a wide range of illness. In patients unable to tolerate oral intake, multiple options of delivery are available to the clinician. Access requires a multidisciplinary effort that involves nurses, dietitians, and physicians to be successful. These techniques and procedures are not without morbidity and even mortality. A comprehensive understanding of the appropriate management of these tubes and their inherent complications should be garnered by all those involved with nutrition support teams. This tutorial reviews available options for enteral access in addition to commonly encountered complications and their management.
肠内通路是提供营养支持的基石。早期且充足的肠内支持在各类疾病中始终显示出能改善患者预后。对于无法耐受经口摄入的患者，临床医生有多种输送方式可供选择。建立通路需要护士、营养师和医生等多学科的共同努力才能成功。这些技术和操作并非没有并发症，甚至存在死亡风险。所有参与营养支持团队的人员都应全面了解这些管道的恰当管理及其固有并发症。本教程除了介绍常见并发症及其管理外，还将回顾可用的肠内通路选择。
