Mardones Francisco, Arnaiz Pilar, Barja Salesa, Giadach Carolina, Villarroel Luis, Domínguez Angelica, Castillo Oscar, Farias Marcelo
División de Salud Pública. Facultad de Medicina. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Santiago. Chile..
División de Pediatría. Facultad de Medicina. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Santiago. Chile..
Nutr Hosp. 2013 Nov 1;28(6):1999-2005.
The origin of most non-communicable diseases (NCDs) is in early life. Consequently obtaining information on risk factors for NCDs is important for preventive purposes. However, there is no information available on the prevalence of obesity, metabolic syndrome (MS) and insulin resistance (IR) in Chilean children.
To determine the prevalence of nutritional status, MS and IR, and secondly, to study the associations among them.
Cross-sectional study conducted during 2009-2011 in 20 public schools of Puente Alto County, Santiago, Chile. Anthropometry, blood pressure and pubertal status were assessed. A blood sample was obtained for determination of lipids, blood glucose and insulin. Abnormal Homeostasis model assessment index (HOMA-IR) was based on a national standard.
3325 children had a mean age of 11.4 ± 1 years old (range 10-15 years). The prevalence of obesity, MS and IR was 16.1%, 7.3% and 25.9%, respectively. The prevalence of IR and MS was higher in obese children. MS and IR were strongly associated with an OR of 8.0 (95% CI= 5.9-10.7). Multivariate analysis showed that all MS components were associated to IR.
There is a relatively high prevalence of risk factors in this sample of children. The strong positive association between nutritional status, IR and MS points out the need to early identify risk factors for NCDs allowing for prevention.
大多数非传染性疾病（NCDs）起源于生命早期。因此，获取非传染性疾病风险因素的信息对于预防目的至关重要。然而，目前尚无关于智利儿童肥胖、代谢综合征（MS）和胰岛素抵抗（IR）患病率的信息。
确定营养状况、代谢综合征和胰岛素抵抗的患病率，其次，研究它们之间的关联。
2009年至2011年在智利圣地亚哥蓬塔阿尔托县的20所公立学校进行横断面研究。评估人体测量学、血压和青春期状态。采集血样以测定血脂、血糖和胰岛素。异常的稳态模型评估指数（HOMA-IR）基于国家标准。
3325名儿童的平均年龄为11.4±1岁（范围10 - 15岁）。肥胖、代谢综合征和胰岛素抵抗的患病率分别为16.1%、7.3%和25.9%。肥胖儿童中胰岛素抵抗和代谢综合征的患病率更高。代谢综合征和胰岛素抵抗密切相关，比值比为8.0（95%可信区间=5.9 - 10.7）。多变量分析表明，代谢综合征的所有组分均与胰岛素抵抗相关。
该儿童样本中危险因素的患病率相对较高。营养状况、胰岛素抵抗和代谢综合征之间的强正相关表明需要尽早识别非传染性疾病的危险因素以便进行预防。
