Suppr超能文献

适应性不良可塑性中的星形胶质细胞-神经元相互作用

Astrocyte-neuron interplay in maladaptive plasticity.

作者信息

Papa Michele, De Luca Ciro, Petta Federica, Alberghina Lilia, Cirillo Giovanni

机构信息

Laboratory of Neuronal Networks, Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Second University of Naples, 80138 Naples, Italy; SYSBIO, Centre of Systems Biology, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy.

Laboratory of Neuronal Networks, Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Second University of Naples, 80138 Naples, Italy.

出版信息

Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2014 May;42:35-54. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2014.01.010. Epub 2014 Feb 6.

Abstract

The complexity of neuronal networks cannot only be explained by neuronal activity so neurobiological research in the last decade has focused on different components of the central nervous system: the glia. Glial cells are fundamental elements for development and maintenance of physiological brain work. New data confirm that glia significantly influences neuronal communication through specific molecules, named "gliotransmitters", and their related receptors. This new approach to the traditional model of the way synapses work is also supported by changes occurring in pathological conditions, such as neurodegenerative diseases or toxic/traumatic injury to nervous system. Experimental models have revealed that glial cells are the starting point of damage progression that subsequently involves neurons. The "bedside to bench" approach has demonstrated that clinical phenotypes are strictly related to neuronal death, however it is conceivable that the disease begins earlier, years before clinical onset. This temporal gap is necessary to determine complex changes in the neuro-glial network organization and produce a "maladaptive plasticity". We review the function of glial cells in health and disease, pointing the putative mechanisms of maladaptive plasticity, suggesting that glial cells may represent a fascinating therapeutic target to prevent irreversible neuronal cell death.

摘要

神经网络的复杂性不能仅通过神经元活动来解释,因此过去十年的神经生物学研究聚焦于中枢神经系统的不同组成部分:神经胶质细胞。胶质细胞是大脑生理活动发育和维持的基本要素。新数据证实,胶质细胞通过名为“胶质递质”的特定分子及其相关受体,对神经元通讯有显著影响。这种对传统突触工作模式的新认识,也得到了诸如神经退行性疾病或神经系统毒性/创伤性损伤等病理状况下所发生变化的支持。实验模型表明,胶质细胞是损伤进展的起点,随后会累及神经元。“床边到实验台”的研究方法表明,临床表型与神经元死亡密切相关,但可以想象,疾病在临床发病前数年就已开始。这个时间间隔对于确定神经胶质网络组织的复杂变化并产生“适应不良的可塑性”是必要的。我们综述了胶质细胞在健康和疾病中的功能,指出了适应不良可塑性的可能机制,表明胶质细胞可能是预防不可逆神经元细胞死亡的一个极具吸引力的治疗靶点。

文献AI研究员

20分钟写一篇综述,助力文献阅读效率提升50倍。

立即体验

用中文搜PubMed

大模型驱动的PubMed中文搜索引擎

马上搜索

文档翻译

学术文献翻译模型,支持多种主流文档格式。

立即体验