Walker Rachel E, Swain David P, Ringleb Stacie I, Colberg Sheri R
Departments of 1Human Movement Sciences; and 2Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia.
J Strength Cond Res. 2015 Apr;29(4):882-8. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000000408.
Military personnel engage in strenuous physical activity and load carriage. This study evaluated the role of body mass and of added mass on aerobic performance (uphill treadmill exercise) and pulmonary function. Performance on a traditional unloaded run test (4.8 km) was compared with performance on loaded tasks. Subjects performed an outdoor 4.8-km run and 4 maximal treadmill tests wearing loads of 0, 10, 20, and 30 kg. Subjects' pulmonary function (forced expired volume in 1 second [FEV1], forced vital capacity [FVC], and maximal voluntary ventilation [MVV]) was tested with each load, and peak values of heart rate, oxygen consumption ((Equation is included in full-text article.)), ventilation (VE), and respiratory exchange ratio (RER) were measured during each treadmill test. Performance on the 4.8-km run was correlated with treadmill performance, measured as time to exhaustion (TTE), with the strength of the correlation decreasing with load (r = 0.87 for 0 kg to 0.76 for 30 kg). Body mass was not correlated with TTE, other than among men with the 30-kg load (r = 0.48). During treadmill exercise, all peak responses other than RER decreased with load. Pulmonary function measures (FEV1, FVC, and MVV) decreased with load. Body mass was poorly correlated with treadmill performance, but added mass decreased performance. The decreased performance may be in part because of decreased pulmonary function. Unloaded 4.8-km run performance was correlated to unloaded uphill treadmill performance, but less so as load increased. Therefore, traditional run tests may not be an effective means of evaluating aerobic performance for military field operations.
军事人员要进行高强度的体力活动和负重行军。本研究评估了体重和额外负重对有氧能力（上坡跑步机运动）和肺功能的作用。将传统无负重跑步测试（4.8公里）的表现与负重任务的表现进行了比较。受试者进行了一次户外4.8公里跑步以及4次最大跑步机测试，分别佩戴0、10、20和30公斤的负重。在每次负重情况下测试受试者的肺功能（一秒用力呼气量[FEV1]、用力肺活量[FVC]和最大自主通气量[MVV]），并在每次跑步机测试期间测量心率、耗氧量（（公式包含在全文中））、通气量（VE）和呼吸交换率（RER）的峰值。4.8公里跑步的表现与跑步机表现相关，以疲劳时间（TTE）衡量，相关性强度随负重增加而降低（从0公斤时的r = 0.87降至30公斤时的r = 0.76）。体重与TTE无关，除了在佩戴30公斤负重的男性中（r = 0.48）。在跑步机运动期间，除RER外的所有峰值反应均随负重增加而降低。肺功能指标（FEV1、FVC和MVV）随负重增加而降低。体重与跑步机表现相关性较差，但额外负重会降低表现。表现下降可能部分归因于肺功能下降。无负重4.8公里跑步表现与无负重上坡跑步机表现相关，但随着负重增加相关性降低。因此，传统跑步测试可能不是评估军事野外行动有氧能力的有效方法。
