1] Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK [2] Oxford Astrophysics, Denys Wilkinson Building, Keble Road, Oxford OX1 3RH, UK [3] Balliol College, University of Oxford, Broad Street, Oxford OX1 3BJ, UK.
Astronomy Department, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA.
Nature. 2014 Feb 13;506(7487):171-8. doi: 10.1038/nature12953.
A principal discovery in modern cosmology is that standard model particles comprise only 5 per cent of the mass-energy budget of the Universe. In the ΛCDM paradigm, the remaining 95 per cent consists of dark energy (Λ) and cold dark matter. ΛCDM is being challenged by its apparent inability to explain the low-density 'cores' of dark matter measured at the centre of galaxies, where centrally concentrated high-density 'cusps' were predicted. But before drawing conclusions, it is necessary to include the effect of gas and stars, historically seen as passive components of galaxies. We now understand that these can inject heat energy into the cold dark matter through a coupling based on rapid gravitational potential fluctuations, explaining the observed low central densities.
现代宇宙学的一个主要发现是，标准模型粒子仅占宇宙质量-能量预算的 5%。在ΛCDM 范式中，其余 95%由暗能量（Λ）和冷暗物质组成。ΛCDM 受到挑战，因为它显然无法解释在星系中心测量到的低密度“核心”，而预测的是中心集中的高密度“峰”。但是在得出结论之前，有必要包括气体和恒星的影响，这些恒星在历史上被视为星系的被动组成部分。我们现在知道，通过基于快速引力势波动的耦合，这些物质可以将热能注入冷暗物质中，从而解释了观察到的低中心密度。
