Al-Hadhrami Luai M, Shaahid S M, Tunde Lukman O, Al-Sarkhi A
CER/Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia.
ScientificWorldJournal. 2014 Jan 12;2014:810527. doi: 10.1155/2014/810527. eCollection 2014.
An experimental investigation has been carried out to study the flow regimes and pressure gradients of air-oil-water three-phase flows in 2.25 ID horizontal pipe at different flow conditions. The effects of water cuts, liquid and gas velocities on flow patterns and pressure gradients have been studied. The experiments have been conducted at 20 °C using low viscosity Safrasol D80 oil, tap water and air. Superficial water and oil velocities were varied from 0.3 m/s to 3 m/s and air velocity varied from 0.29 m/s to 52.5 m/s to cover wide range of flow patterns. The experiments were performed for 10% to 90% water cuts. The flow patterns were observed and recorded using high speed video camera while the pressure drops were measured using pressure transducers and U-tube manometers. The flow patterns show strong dependence on water fraction, gas velocities, and liquid velocities. The observed flow patterns are stratified (smooth and wavy), elongated bubble, slug, dispersed bubble, and annular flow patterns. The pressure gradients have been found to increase with the increase in gas flow rates. Also, for a given superficial gas velocity, the pressure gradients increased with the increase in the superficial liquid velocity. The pressure gradient first increases and then decreases with increasing water cut. In general, phase inversion was observed with increase in the water cut. The experimental results have been compared with the existing unified Model and a good agreement has been noticed.
进行了一项实验研究，以研究在2.25英寸内径的水平管道中，不同流动条件下空气-油-水三相流的流型和压力梯度。研究了含水率、液体和气体流速对流型和压力梯度的影响。实验在20℃下进行，使用低粘度的Safrasol D80油、自来水和空气。表面水和油的流速在0.3米/秒至3米/秒之间变化，空气流速在0.29米/秒至52.5米/秒之间变化，以涵盖广泛的流型。实验在含水率为10%至90%的情况下进行。使用高速摄像机观察并记录流型，同时使用压力传感器和U型管压力计测量压降。流型显示出强烈依赖于含水率、气体流速和液体流速。观察到的流型有分层流（平滑和波浪状）、长气泡流、段塞流、分散气泡流和环状流型。已发现压力梯度随气体流速的增加而增加。此外，对于给定的表面气体流速，压力梯度随表面液体流速的增加而增加。压力梯度随含水率的增加先增加后减小。一般来说，随着含水率的增加会观察到相反转。已将实验结果与现有的统一模型进行了比较，发现吻合良好。
