Beltrán L M, García-Casasola G
Unidad Metabólico-Vascular, Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, España.
Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario Infanta Cristina, Parla, Madrid, España.
Rev Clin Esp (Barc). 2014 Apr;214(3):155-60. doi: 10.1016/j.rce.2014.01.002. Epub 2014 Feb 12.
Ultrasonography in the hands of the internist can answer important clinical questions quickly at the point of patient care. This technique "enhances" the senses of the physicians and improves their ability to solve the problems of the patient. Point of care ultrasonography performed by clinicians has shown good accuracy in the diagnosis of diverse cardiac, abdominal and vascular pathologic conditions. It may also be useful for evaluation of thyroid, osteoarticular and soft tissue diseases. Furthermore, the use of ultrasound to guide invasive procedures (placement of venous catheters, thoracentesis, paracentesis) reduces the risk of complications. We present 5 cases to illustrate the usefulness of this technique in clinical practice: (i) peripartum cardiomyopathy; (ii) subclinical carotid artery atherosclerosis; (iii) asymptomatic abdominal aortic aneurysm; (iv) tendinitis of long head of biceps brachii and supraspinatus, and (v) spontaneous soleus muscle hematoma.
内科医生使用超声检查能够在患者床边迅速解答重要的临床问题。这项技术“增强”了医生的感知能力，提高了他们解决患者问题的能力。临床医生进行的床旁超声检查在诊断各种心脏、腹部和血管疾病方面已显示出良好的准确性。它也可能有助于评估甲状腺、骨关节和软组织疾病。此外，使用超声引导侵入性操作（静脉导管置入、胸腔穿刺术、腹腔穿刺术）可降低并发症风险。我们展示5个病例来说明这项技术在临床实践中的实用性：（i）围产期心肌病；（ii）亚临床颈动脉粥样硬化；（iii）无症状腹主动脉瘤；（iv）肱二头肌长头和冈上肌腱炎；以及（v）比目鱼肌自发性血肿。
