Ecologie des Systèmes Marins Côtiers (UMR5119), Université Montpellier 2, CNRS, IRD, case 093, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France.
University of British Columbia, Department of Earth & Ocean Sciences, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
Mar Pollut Bull. 2014 Mar 15;80(1-2):8-23. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.01.006. Epub 2014 Feb 15.
A literature review on the effects of high ammonium concentrations on the growth of 6 classes of microalgae suggests the following rankings. Mean optimal ammonium concentrations were 7600, 2500, 1400, 340, 260, 100 μM for Chlorophyceae, Cyanophyceae, Prymnesiophyceae, Diatomophyceae, Raphidophyceae, and Dinophyceae respectively and their tolerance to high toxic ammonium levels was 39,000, 13,000, 2300, 3600, 2500, 1200 μM respectively. Field ammonium concentrations <100 μM would not likely reduce the growth rate of most microalgae. Chlorophytes were significantly more tolerant to high ammonium than diatoms, prymnesiophytes, dinoflagellates, and raphidophytes. Cyanophytes were significantly more tolerant than dinoflagellates which were the least tolerant. A smaller but more complete data set was used to estimate ammonium EC₅₀ values, and the ranking was: Chlorophyceae>Cyanophyceae, Dinophyceae, Diatomophyceae, and Raphidophyceae. Ammonia toxicity is mainly attributed to NH₃ at pHs >9 and at pHs <8, toxicity is likely associated with the ammonium ion rather than ammonia.
一篇关于高铵浓度对 6 类微藻生长影响的文献综述表明，以下是排名情况。绿藻、蓝藻、甲藻、硅藻、金藻和甲藻的最佳铵浓度均值分别为 7600、2500、1400、340、260 和 100μM，其对高毒性铵水平的耐受能力分别为 39000、13000、2300、3600、2500 和 1200μM。田间铵浓度<100μM 不太可能降低大多数微藻的生长速率。绿藻对高铵的耐受性明显高于硅藻、甲藻、鞭毛藻和金藻。蓝藻对铵的耐受性明显高于鞭毛藻，而鞭毛藻的耐受性最低。使用一个更小但更完整的数据集来估计铵的 EC₅₀ 值，排名为：绿藻>蓝藻、甲藻、硅藻和金藻。氨毒性主要归因于 pH 值>9 时的 NH₃，而在 pH 值<8 时，毒性可能与铵离子而不是氨有关。
