Radkova Mariana, Vítámvás Pavel, Sasaki Kentaro, Imai Ryozo
Hokkaido Agricultural Research Center, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Hitsujigaoka 1, Toyohira-ku, Sapporo 062-8555, Japan; AgroBioInstitute, 8 Dragan Tzankov Bvld., Sofia 1000, Bulgaria.
Hokkaido Agricultural Research Center, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Hitsujigaoka 1, Toyohira-ku, Sapporo 062-8555, Japan; Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Crop Research Institute, Drnovská 507, 161 06 Prague 6, Ruzyně, Czech Republic.
Plant Physiol Biochem. 2014 Apr;77:44-8. doi: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2014.01.004. Epub 2014 Feb 1.
Cold shock domain (CSD) proteins, or Y-box proteins, are nucleic acid-binding proteins that are widely distributed from bacteria to higher plants and animals. Bacterial CSD proteins play an essential role in cold adaptation by destabilizing RNA secondary structures. WHEAT COLD SHOCK DOMAIN PROTEIN 1 (WCSP1) shares biochemical functions with bacterial CSD proteins and is possibly involved in cold adaptation. In this study, the temporal and spatial distribution of the wheat cold shock domain protein family (WCSPs) was serologically characterized with regard to plant development and cold adaptation. Four WCSP genes were identified through database analysis and were classified into three classes based on their molecular masses and protein domain structures. Class I (20 kD) and class II (23 kD) WCSPs demonstrated a clear pattern of accumulation in root and shoot meristematic tissues during vegetative growth. In response to cold, marked increases in WCSP levels were observed but the pattern of accumulation differed by tissue. Accumulation of WCSPs in crown tissue during cold acclimation was observed in the winter cultivar 'Chihokukomugi' but not in the spring cultivar 'Haruyutaka', suggesting a possible function for WCSPs in cold acclimation. During flower and seed development, protein levels of class I and class II WCSPs remained high. The class III WCSP (27 kD) was detected only during seed development. The highest level of class III WCSP accumulation was observed at the milky seed stage. Together, the results of this study provide a view of CSD protein accumulation throughout the life cycle of wheat and suggest that WCSPs function differentially in plant development and cold adaptation.
冷休克结构域（CSD）蛋白，即Y盒蛋白，是一类核酸结合蛋白，广泛分布于从细菌到高等植物和动物的生物中。细菌CSD蛋白通过使RNA二级结构不稳定在冷适应过程中发挥重要作用。小麦冷休克结构域蛋白1（WCSP1）与细菌CSD蛋白具有相似的生化功能，可能参与冷适应过程。在本研究中，从小麦发育和冷适应方面对小麦冷休克结构域蛋白家族（WCSPs）的时空分布进行了血清学表征。通过数据库分析鉴定出4个WCSP基因，并根据它们的分子量和蛋白结构域结构分为3类。I类（20 kD）和II类（23 kD）WCSPs在营养生长阶段的根和茎分生组织中呈现出明显的积累模式。响应低温时，观察到WCSP水平显著增加，但不同组织中的积累模式有所不同。在冬小麦品种‘Chihokukomugi’的低温驯化过程中，观察到WCSPs在冠组织中的积累，而春小麦品种‘Haruyutaka’中未观察到，这表明WCSPs在低温驯化中可能具有功能。在花和种子发育过程中，I类和II类WCSPs的蛋白水平保持较高。III类WCSP（27 kD）仅在种子发育过程中被检测到。在乳熟期种子中观察到III类WCSP积累的最高水平。总之，本研究结果展示了小麦整个生命周期中CSD蛋白的积累情况，并表明WCSPs在植物发育和冷适应中发挥不同的功能。
