Immunological characterization of thioltransferase from pig liver.

Polyclonal antibodies against pig liver thioltransferase were raised in a New Zealand rabbit. These antibodies completely neutralized the thioltransferase activity of the homogeneous enzyme and that in the crude cytosolic homogenate at an equivalent titer. The antibodies also cross-reacted equally with calf thymus glutaredoxin and calf liver thioltransferase, but not with Escherichia coli thioredoxin, suggesting that thioltransferase and glutaredoxin from the same species are identical. Immunoblotting analysis of the cytosolic proteins from 14 different pig tissues revealed that most pig tissues contain a 12-kDa protein which reacts with these antibodies. This protein is found in greater abundance in stomach, small intestine, liver, skeletal muscle, kidney, heart, lung, and cerebral cortex, whereas retina, cerebellum, spleen, pancreas, and thymus have low levels of the protein. No reactive protein was detected in the lens. The tissue distribution of the protein was also determined by assay of the enzyme activity and was generally in good agreement with that obtained from the immunoblotting survey. Pig liver thioltransferase was cleaved by trypsin, chymotrypsin, Staphylococcus aureus V8 protease, and cyanogen bromide. The selected peptides purified by reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography or ion exchange fast protein liquid chromatography were subjected to reaction with the polyclonal antibodies against pig liver thioltransferase. Four antigenically reactive fragments were detected by dot-blotting analysis. These peptides are located in the first 30-amino acid residues from the NH2 terminus and the sequence from amino acid residues 39-67, indicating that the active site of the enzyme, Cys22 and Cys25, is located on one of the antigenic determinant domains.