印度卡纳塔克邦查马勒贾纳加尔区学童的甲状腺肿患病率
Prevalence of goitre in school children of chamarajanagar district, karnataka, India.
作者信息
Zama Syed Yunus, Ahmed Mansoor, N Vadiraja
机构信息
Assistant Professor, Department of Community Medicine, Mysore Medical College and Research Institute , Mysore, India .
Associate Professor, Department of Community Medicine, Mysore Medical College and Research Institute , Mysore, India .
出版信息
J Clin Diagn Res. 2013 Dec;7(12):2807-9. doi: 10.7860/JCDR/2013/6878.3702. Epub 2013 Dec 15.
INTRODUCTION
Iodine is an essential micronutrient. A daily consumption of 100-150 micrograms of iodine is recommended for normal human growth and development.
RATIONALE
Iodine Deficiency Disorders (IDD) can be easily prevented. Simplest, most effective and inexpensive preventive method is consumption of iodated salt.
OBJECTIVES
To find out the prevalence of Goitre among school children in Chamarajanagar district, India, and to estimate iodine in salt samples.
METHODOLOGY
A cross-sectional study in the age group of 6-12 years using PPS systematic sampling method. A total of 3757 children were selected for the study. Clinical examination of the thyroid was done and salt samples were collected for Iodine estimation. Data was analyzed by using appropriate statistical tests.
RESULTS
The overall prevalence of Goitre was found to be 7.74% in Chamarajanagar district, India. It was higher in female children compared to male children. The difference was more evident in Grade II cases where 64.47% cases were females and 35.53% cases were males and it showed an increasing trend with age (Class1-4.8%, Class 6-10.9%, Class 7-17.6%).
CONCLUSION
It was observed that IDD is endemic in the district with a prevalence of 7.74% among children of 6-12 years. Analysis of salt samples suggested that 28.42% samples had Iodine less than 15ppm.
引言
碘是一种必需的微量营养素。建议每日摄入100 - 150微克碘以保障人体正常生长发育。
理论依据
碘缺乏病（IDD）易于预防。最简单、最有效且最经济的预防方法是食用加碘盐。
目的
了解印度恰马勒贾纳加尔区学童甲状腺肿的患病率，并估算盐样中的碘含量。
方法
采用PPS系统抽样法对6 - 12岁年龄组进行横断面研究。共选取3757名儿童参与研究。对甲状腺进行临床检查，并采集盐样进行碘含量估算。使用适当的统计检验方法对数据进行分析。
结果
在印度恰马勒贾纳加尔区，甲状腺肿的总体患病率为7.74%。女童患病率高于男童。在二级病例中差异更为明显，64.47%的病例为女性，35.53%的病例为男性，且患病率随年龄呈上升趋势（1年级 - 4.8%，6年级 - 10.9%，7年级 - 17.6%）。
结论
观察发现该地区碘缺乏病呈地方性流行，6 - 12岁儿童患病率为7.74%。盐样分析表明，28.42%的样本碘含量低于15ppm。
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