抗结核疫苗：有哪些新进展？
Vaccine against tuberculosis: what's new?
作者信息
Montagnani Carlotta, Chiappini Elena, Galli Luisa, de Martino Maurizio
出版信息
BMC Infect Dis. 2014;14 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):S2. doi: 10.1186/1471-2334-14-S1-S2. Epub 2014 Jan 8.
Abstract
BACKGROUND
one of the World Health Organization Millennium Development Goal is to reduce tuberculosis incidence by 2015. However, more of 8.5 million tuberculosis cases have been reported in 2011, with an increase of multidrug-resistant strains. Therefore, the World Health Organization target cannot be reach without the help of a vaccine able to limit the spread of tuberculosis. Nowadays, bacille Calmette-Guérin is the only vaccine available against tuberculosis. It prevents against meningeal and disseminated tuberculosis in children, but its effectiveness against pulmonary form in adolescents and adults is argued.
METHOD
a systematic review was performed by searches of Pubmed, references of the relevant articles and Aeras and ClinicalTrial.gov websites.
RESULTS
100 articles were included in this review. Three viral vectored booster vaccines, five protein adjuvant booster vaccines, two priming vaccines and two therapeutic vaccines have been analyzed.
CONCLUSIONS
Several vaccines are in the pipeline, but further studies on basic research, clinical trial and mass vaccination campaigns are needed to achieve the TB eradication target by 2050.
摘要
背景
世界卫生组织千年发展目标之一是到2015年降低结核病发病率。然而，2011年报告的结核病病例超过850万，耐多药菌株有所增加。因此，若没有一种能够限制结核病传播的疫苗的帮助，世界卫生组织的目标无法实现。如今，卡介苗是唯一可用的抗结核疫苗。它可预防儿童的结核性脑膜炎和播散性结核病，但其对青少年和成人肺结核形式的有效性存在争议。
方法
通过检索PubMed、相关文章的参考文献以及Aeras和ClinicalTrial.gov网站进行系统评价。
结果
本评价纳入了100篇文章。分析了三种病毒载体加强疫苗、五种蛋白质佐剂加强疫苗、两种初免疫苗和两种治疗性疫苗。
结论
有几种疫苗正在研发中，但需要在基础研究、临床试验和大规模疫苗接种运动方面开展进一步研究，以在2050年实现消除结核病的目标。
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