Department of Dermatology, Hospital General de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain.
G Ital Dermatol Venereol. 2014 Feb;149(1):55-78.
Hair diseases represent a significant portion of cases seen by pediatric dermatologists although hair has always been a secondary aspect in pediatricians and dermatologists training, on the erroneous basis that there is not much information extractable from it. Dermatologists are in the enviable situation of being able to study many disorders with simple diagnostic techniques. The hair is easily accessible to examination but, paradoxically, this approach is often disregarded by non-dermatologist. This paper has been written on the purpose of trying to serve in the diagnostic process of daily practice, and trying to help, for example, to distinguish between certain acquired and some genetically determined hair diseases. We will focus on all the data that can be obtained from our patients' hair and try to help on using the messages given by hair for each patient. Quite often it is extremely hard to distinguish between abnormality and normality in neonatal hair aspects. We will specially focus in the most common physiological changes that may mislead to an incorrect diagnosis. Specific treatment for those hair diseases that do have one, and basic general approach to improve the cosmetic appearance of hair, will be also be discussed for those hair disturbances that do not have a specific treatment.
毛发疾病虽然在儿科皮肤科医生的诊治范围中占比很大，但在儿科医生和皮肤科医生的培训中，毛发一直是次要方面，其错误的依据是从毛发中提取的信息并不多。皮肤科医生很幸运，他们可以用简单的诊断技术来研究许多疾病。头发很容易检查，但矛盾的是，这种方法往往被非皮肤科医生忽视。本文旨在为日常诊疗过程中的诊断服务，并帮助区分某些获得性和遗传性毛发疾病。我们将重点介绍从患者头发中获取的所有信息，并尝试为每位患者提供头发提供的信息。新生儿头发方面的异常和正常往往很难区分。我们将特别关注那些可能导致误诊的最常见的生理变化。对于那些有特定治疗方法的毛发疾病，我们将讨论特定的治疗方法，对于那些没有特定治疗方法的毛发疾病，我们也将讨论改善头发外观的基本一般方法。
