Campbell Brian M, Charych Erik, Lee Anna W, Möller Thomas
Neuroinflammation Disease Biology Unit, Lundbeck Research USA Paramus, NJ, USA.
Front Neurosci. 2014 Feb 6;8:12. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2014.00012. eCollection 2014.
The kynurenine pathway (KP) metabolizes the essential amino acid tryptophan and generates a number of neuroactive metabolites collectively called the kynurenines. Segregated into at least two distinct branches, often termed the "neurotoxic" and "neuroprotective" arms of the KP, they are regulated by the two enzymes kynurenine 3-monooxygenase and kynurenine aminotransferase, respectively. Interestingly, several enzymes in the pathway are under tight control of inflammatory mediators. Recent years have seen a tremendous increase in our understanding of neuroinflammation in CNS disease. This review will focus on the regulation of the KP by inflammatory mediators as it pertains to neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders.
犬尿氨酸途径（KP）代谢必需氨基酸色氨酸，并产生许多统称为犬尿氨酸的神经活性代谢产物。该途径至少分为两个不同的分支，通常被称为KP的“神经毒性”和“神经保护”分支，它们分别由犬尿氨酸3-单加氧酶和犬尿氨酸转氨酶这两种酶调节。有趣的是，该途径中的几种酶受到炎症介质的严格控制。近年来，我们对中枢神经系统疾病中神经炎症的理解有了极大的提高。本综述将重点关注炎症介质对KP的调节，因为它与神经退行性疾病和精神疾病有关。
