School of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom.
Arvia Technology Ltd., The Innovation Centre, Sci-Tech Daresbury, Keckwick Lane, Daresbury, Cheshire WA4 4FS, United Kingdom.
Water Res. 2014 May 1;54:170-8. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2014.01.043. Epub 2014 Feb 7.
The disinfection performance of a unique process of adsorption combined with electrochemical treatment is evaluated. A flake graphite intercalation compound adsorbent was used, which is effective for the removal of organic contaminants and is amenable to anodic electrochemical regeneration. Adsorption of Escherichia coli on the graphite flake was followed by electrochemical treatment under a range of experimental conditions in a sequential batch reactor. The adsorption of E. coli cells was found to be a fast process and was capable of removing >99.98% of cells from solution after 5 min with a ca. 6.5-log10 reduction in E. coli concentration after 10 min. With electrochemical treatment the adsorbent could be reused, with no decrease in E. coli adsorption observed over five cycles. In the presence of chloride, >8.5-log10 reduction of E. coli concentration was achieved. Disinfection was found to be less effective in the absence of chloride. However, selection of appropriate operating conditions enabled effective disinfection in a chloride free system, reducing the potential for formation of disinfection by-products. The energy consumption required to achieve >8.5-log10 disinfection was 2-7 kWh m(-3).
评估了一种独特的吸附与电化学处理相结合的消毒性能。使用了一种片状石墨插层化合物吸附剂，它对去除有机污染物有效，并且适合阳极电化学再生。在序批式反应器中，在一系列实验条件下，对大肠杆菌在石墨薄片上的吸附进行了电化学处理。发现大肠杆菌细胞的吸附是一个快速过程，在 5 分钟内能够从溶液中去除 >99.98%的细胞，在 10 分钟后大肠杆菌浓度降低了约 6.5 个对数。通过电化学处理，可以重复使用吸附剂，在五个循环中没有观察到大肠杆菌吸附的减少。在存在氯化物的情况下，大肠杆菌浓度的减少超过 8.5 个对数。在没有氯化物的情况下，消毒效果较差。然而，选择适当的操作条件可以在无氯化物的系统中实现有效的消毒，降低消毒副产物形成的潜力。达到 >8.5 个对数消毒所需的能量消耗为 2-7 kWh·m(-3)。
