雌性牛鹂的空间记忆比雄性更准确。
Female cowbirds have more accurate spatial memory than males.
机构信息
Department of Biology, University of Western Ontario, , London, Canada , N6G 5B7.
出版信息
Biol Lett. 2014 Feb 26;10(2):20140026. doi: 10.1098/rsbl.2014.0026. Print 2014 Feb.
Abstract
Brown-headed cowbirds (Molothrus ater) are obligate brood parasites. Only females search for host nests and they find host nests one or more days before placing eggs in them. Past work has shown that females have a larger hippocampus than males, but sex differences in spatial cognition have not been extensively investigated. We tested cowbirds for sex and seasonal differences in spatial memory on a foraging task with an ecologically relevant retention interval. Birds were trained to find one rewarded location among 25 after 24 h. Females made significantly fewer errors than males and took more direct paths to the rewarded location than males. Females and males showed similar search times, indicating there was no sex difference in motivation. This sex difference in spatial cognition is the reverse of that observed in some polygynous mammals and is consistent with the hypothesis that spatial cognition is adaptively specialized in this brood-parasitic species.
摘要
美洲反舌鸟（Molothrus ater）是专性巢寄生鸟。只有雌性美洲反舌鸟寻找宿主巢穴，并且它们在将卵放入其中之前，会提前一天或多天找到宿主巢穴。过去的研究表明，雌性美洲反舌鸟的大脑海马区比雄性的更大，但空间认知方面的性别差异尚未得到广泛研究。我们在一项具有生态相关保留间隔的觅食任务中测试了美洲反舌鸟的空间记忆的性别和季节性差异。鸟儿们在 24 小时后被训练找到 25 个奖励位置中的一个。雌性的错误明显少于雄性，并且比雄性更直接地找到奖励位置。雌性和雄性的搜索时间相似，这表明它们的动机没有性别差异。这种空间认知上的性别差异与一些多配偶制哺乳动物中观察到的相反，与空间认知在这种巢寄生物种中具有适应性专业化的假设一致。
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