结直肠癌差异：问题、争议与解决方案
Colorectal cancer disparities: issues, controversies and solutions.
作者信息
Tammana Venkata S, Laiyemo Adeyinka O
机构信息
Venkata S Tammana, Adeyinka O Laiyemo, Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC 20060, United States.
出版信息
World J Gastroenterol. 2014 Jan 28;20(4):869-76. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i4.869.
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer related deaths in the United States. There are significant differences in CRC incidence and mortality by race with the highest burden occurring among blacks. The underlying factors contributing to CRC disparities are multiple and complex. Studies have suggested that a higher prevalence of putative risk factors for CRC, limited access to healthcare services, lower utilization of healthcare resources and increased biological susceptibilities contribute to this disparity by race. This article reviews the factors associated with the disproportionally higher burden of CRC among blacks; addresses the controversies regarding the age to begin CRC screening and the screening modality to use for blacks; and proffers solutions to eliminate CRC disparity by race.
摘要
结直肠癌（CRC）是美国癌症相关死亡的第二大主要原因。CRC的发病率和死亡率在不同种族之间存在显著差异，其中黑人的负担最重。导致CRC差异的潜在因素是多方面且复杂的。研究表明，CRC假定风险因素的较高患病率、获得医疗服务的机会有限、医疗资源利用率较低以及生物易感性增加，导致了这种种族差异。本文回顾了与黑人中CRC负担不成比例地较高相关的因素；讨论了关于开始CRC筛查的年龄以及用于黑人的筛查方式的争议；并提出了消除CRC种族差异的解决方案。
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