Gastric emptying rate, glycemic and appetite response to a liquid meal in lean and overweight males.

The effect of body weight status on appetite, glycemic response and gastric emptying rate was investigated using a liquid meal. Lean and overweight males rated their subjective appetite with blood samples collected for measurement of glucose, biomarkers of appetite and gastric emptying rate for 3 h following consumption of the isocaloric test meal. Overweight participants had a higher rating on postprandial hunger (p < 0.001), preoccupation with food (p < 0.001) and desire to eat (p < 0.001), with fullness being lower (p = 0.001). Postprandial plasma concentration of cholecystokinin-33 was lower (p = 0.007) and total ghrelin was higher (p = 0.012) in overweight participants. A delayed gastric emptying rate was observed in lean participants. There was no difference in postprandial glycemic response (p = 0.189). These results suggest the postprandial appetite pattern was different between lean and overweight males when consuming an isocaloric meal. This may have implications for overweight individuals who attempt to lose weight through restricting food intake.