Geliebter Allan, Grillot Charlotte L, Aviram-Friedman Roni, Haq Sakeena, Yahav Eric, Hashim Sami A
New York Nutrition Obesity Research Center, St. Luke's Hospital, and Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, N.Y., USA.
Ann Nutr Metab. 2015;66(2-3):93-103. doi: 10.1159/000365933. Epub 2015 Jan 23.
The extent to which different types of breakfasts affect appetite and food intake is unclear. To assess the satiety effects of a high-fiber cereal, we compared oatmeal, isocaloric corn flakes, and water.
SUBJECTS/METHODS: Thirty-six subjects (18 lean, 18 overweight) were assigned to three conditions in a randomized sequence on different days. Ratings of hunger and fullness were obtained concurrently with blood samples for measuring concentrations of glucose, insulin, glucagon, leptin, and acetaminophen (gastric emptying tracer). Appetite was assessed by calculating the area under the curve (AUC) for fullness and hunger, and by measuring food intake of an ad libitum lunch meal at 180 min.
Lunch meal intake was lowest after consuming oatmeal (p < 0.00001), which was lower for overweight subjects than lean subjects (p = 0.007). Fullness AUC was greatest (p = 0.00001), and hunger AUC lowest (p < 0.001) after consuming oatmeal. At 180 min, blood glucose was lowest after the corn flakes (p = 0.0001). Insulin AUC was greater for both cereals than water (p < 0.00001). Leptin AUC and glucagon AUC values did not differ between conditions. Acetaminophen concentrations peaked latest after consuming oatmeal (p = 0.046), reflecting slower gastric emptying.
Satiety was greater and ad libitum test meal intake lower after consuming oatmeal than after corn flakes, especially in the overweight subjects.
不同类型的早餐对食欲和食物摄入量的影响程度尚不清楚。为了评估高纤维谷物的饱腹感作用，我们比较了燕麦片、等热量玉米片和水。
受试者/方法：36名受试者（18名瘦者，18名超重者）在不同日期按随机顺序被分配到三种情况。在采集血样以测量葡萄糖、胰岛素、胰高血糖素、瘦素和对乙酰氨基酚（胃排空示踪剂）浓度的同时，获取饥饿和饱腹感评分。通过计算饱腹感和饥饿感的曲线下面积（AUC）以及测量180分钟时随意午餐的食物摄入量来评估食欲。
食用燕麦片后午餐摄入量最低（p < 0.00001），超重受试者的午餐摄入量低于瘦者（p = 0.007）。食用燕麦片后饱腹感AUC最大（p = 0.00001），饥饿感AUC最低（p < 0.001）。在180分钟时，玉米片后血糖最低（p = 0.0001）。两种谷物的胰岛素AUC均高于水（p < 0.00001）。不同情况下瘦素AUC和胰高血糖素AUC值无差异。食用燕麦片后对乙酰氨基酚浓度达到峰值的时间最晚（p = 0.046），反映胃排空较慢。
食用燕麦片后的饱腹感比食用玉米片后更强，随意测试餐的摄入量更低，尤其是在超重受试者中。
