Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
Phys Rev Lett. 2014 Feb 7;112(5):057401. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.112.057401.
A setup for generating the special superposition of a simultaneously forward- and backward-propagating collective excitation in a nuclear sample is studied. We show that by actively manipulating the scattering channels of single x-ray quanta with the help of a normal incidence x-ray mirror, a nuclear polariton which propagates in two opposite directions can be generated. The two counterpropagating polariton branches are entangled by a single x-ray photon. The quantum nature of the nuclear excitation entanglement gives rise to a subangstrom-wavelength standing wave excitation pattern that can be used as a flexible tool to probe matter dynamically on the subatomic scale.
研究了在核样本中产生特殊的前向和后向传播集体激发叠加的设置。我们表明，通过利用正入射 X 射线镜主动控制单个 X 射线量子的散射通道，可以产生在两个相反方向传播的核极化激元。两个反向传播的极化激元分支通过单个 X 射线光子纠缠在一起。核激发纠缠的量子性质产生了亚埃波长的驻波激发模式，可作为一种灵活的工具，在亚原子尺度上动态探测物质。
