Grivell L A, Van der Veen R, Kwakman J H, Oudshoorn P, Meijer M
Section for Molecular Biology, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 1988 May 31;319(1193):85-95. doi: 10.1098/rstb.1988.0033.
Biosynthesis of a functional mitochondrion requires the coordinate expression of genes in both mitochondrial and nuclear DNAs. In yeast, three mitochondrial genes are split and RNA splicing plays a pivotal role in their expression. The recent finding that some introns are capable of self-splicing activity in vitro has permitted analysis of the mechanisms involved in RNA catalysis and may eventually shed light on the evolution of splicing mechanisms in general. Most mitochondrial proteins are encoded by nuclear genes, synthesized in the cytoplasm and imported by the organelle. The availability of cloned genes coding for several constituent subunits of the ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase, which are imported by mitochondria, has allowed study of selected steps in the addressing of proteins to mitochondria and their intercompartmental sorting within the organelle. Recent developments are discussed.
功能性线粒体的生物合成需要线粒体DNA和核DNA中基因的协调表达。在酵母中，三个线粒体基因是断裂的，RNA剪接在它们的表达中起关键作用。最近发现一些内含子在体外具有自我剪接活性，这使得对RNA催化所涉及的机制进行分析成为可能，并最终可能揭示一般剪接机制的进化。大多数线粒体蛋白质由核基因编码，在细胞质中合成并由细胞器导入。编码泛醇 - 细胞色素c还原酶几个组成亚基的克隆基因可被线粒体导入，这使得研究蛋白质定位于线粒体的特定步骤及其在细胞器内的跨区室分选成为可能。本文讨论了最近的进展。
