Gingerich Philip D
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Evol Anthropol. 2014 Jan-Feb;23(1):33-5. doi: 10.1002/evan.21400.
Species in the fossil record are population pools of genetic and phenetic variation at a place and time, morphologically recognizable and distinguishable from others by empirical standards. Change through time can be substantial, requiring subdivision of lineages that becomes more arbitrary as they become more complete. Evolution is about form, space, and time; it is about variation and change. Interpretation of species in the fossil record touches all of these.
化石记录中的物种是在特定地点和时间的遗传和表型变异的种群库,通过经验标准在形态上可识别且与其他物种有区别。随着时间推移,变化可能很大,这就需要对谱系进行细分,而随着谱系变得更加完整,这种细分就变得更加随意。进化涉及形态、空间和时间;它关乎变异和变化。对化石记录中物种的解读涉及所有这些方面。