Duluc Lucie, Wojciak-Stothard Beata
Centre for Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Cell Tissue Res. 2014 Mar;355(3):675-85. doi: 10.1007/s00441-014-1805-0. Epub 2014 Mar 6.
Pulmonary endothelial permeability is an important determinant of vascular adaptation to changes in oxygen tension, blood pressure, levels of growth factors or inflammatory cytokines. The Ras homologous (Rho) family of guanosine triphosphate phosphatases (Rho GTPases), key regulators of the actin cytoskeleton, regulate endothelial barrier function in response to a variety of environmental factors and signalling agents via the reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton, changes in receptor trafficking or the phosphorylation of junctional proteins. This review provides a brief summary of recent knowledge on Rho-GTPase-mediated effects on pulmonary endothelial barrier function and focuses in particular on their role in pulmonary vascular disorders, including pulmonary hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome.
肺内皮通透性是血管适应氧张力、血压、生长因子或炎性细胞因子水平变化的重要决定因素。鸟苷三磷酸磷酸酶（Rho GTP酶）的Ras同源（Rho）家族是肌动蛋白细胞骨架的关键调节因子，通过肌动蛋白细胞骨架的重组、受体运输的变化或连接蛋白的磷酸化，响应多种环境因素和信号分子来调节内皮屏障功能。本文综述了Rho - GTP酶介导的对肺内皮屏障功能影响的最新知识，尤其关注它们在肺血管疾病中的作用，包括肺动脉高压、慢性阻塞性肺疾病、急性肺损伤和急性呼吸窘迫综合征。
