a Cardiovascular Physiology and Rehabilitation Laboratory , University of British Columbia , Vancouver , BC , Canada.
Eur J Sport Sci. 2014;14(7):686-94. doi: 10.1080/17461391.2014.884169. Epub 2014 Mar 7.
Altered autonomic function has been identified following ultra-endurance event participation among elite world-class athletes. Despite dramatic increases in recreational athlete participation in these ultra-endurance events, the physiological effects on these athletes are less known. This investigation sought to characterise changes in surrogate measures of autonomic function: heart rate variability (HRV), blood pressure variability (BPV) and baroreceptor sensitivity (BRS) following ultra-endurance race participation. Further, we sought to compare baseline measures among ultra-endurance athletes and recreationally active controls not participating in the ultra-endurance race. Recreational ultra-endurance athletes (n = 25, 44.6 ± 8.2 years, 8 females) and recreationally active age, sex and body mass index matched controls (n = 25) were evaluated. Measurements of HRV, BPV and BRS were collected pre- and post-race for recreational ultra-endurance athletes and at baseline, for recreationally active controls. Post-race, ultra-endurance athletes demonstrated significantly greater sympathetic modulation [low frequency (LF) power HRV: 50.3 ± 21.6 normalised units (n.u.) to 65.9 ± 20.4 n.u., p = 0.01] and significantly lower parasympathetic modulation [high frequency (HF) power HRV: 45.0 ± 22.4 n.u. to 23.9 ± 13.1 n.u., p < 0.001] and BRS. Baseline measurements BRS (spectral: 13.96 ± 10.82 ms·mmHg(-1) vs. 11.39 ± 5.33 ms·mmHg(-1)) were similar among recreational ultra-endurance athletes and recreationally active controls, though recreational ultra-endurance athletes demonstrated greater parasympathetic modulation of some HRV and BPV measures. Recreational ultra-endurance athletes experienced increased sympathetic tone and declines in BRS post-race, similar to previously reported elite world-class ultra-endurance athletes, though still within normal population ranges.
已经确定，在世界级精英运动员参加超长耐力赛事后，自主神经功能发生了改变。尽管越来越多的休闲运动员参加这些超长耐力赛事，但这些运动员的生理影响却鲜为人知。本研究旨在描述自主神经功能的替代测量指标的变化：心率变异性（HRV）、血压变异性（BPV）和压力感受器敏感性（BRS）在超长耐力比赛后。此外，我们还试图比较超长耐力运动员和不参加超长耐力比赛的休闲活动对照者的基线测量值。评估了 25 名休闲超长耐力运动员（年龄 44.6±8.2 岁，女性 8 名）和年龄、性别和身体质量指数匹配的休闲活动对照者（n=25）。对休闲超长耐力运动员进行了赛前和赛后的 HRV、BPV 和 BRS 测量，并对休闲活动对照者进行了基线测量。赛后，超长耐力运动员的交感神经调节显著增加[低频（LF）功率 HRV：50.3±21.6 归一单位（n.u.）增加到 65.9±20.4 n.u.，p=0.01]，副交感神经调节显著降低[高频（HF）功率 HRV：45.0±22.4 n.u.减少到 23.9±13.1 n.u.，p<0.001]和 BRS。尽管休闲超长耐力运动员在某些 HRV 和 BPV 测量方面表现出更大的副交感神经调节，但休闲超长耐力运动员和休闲活动对照者的基线 BRS（谱：13.96±10.82 ms·mmHg(-1)与 11.39±5.33 ms·mmHg(-1))相似。休闲超长耐力运动员在赛后经历了交感神经张力增加和 BRS 下降，与之前报道的世界级精英超长耐力运动员相似，但仍在正常人群范围内。
