Department of Dermatology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland.
Dig Dis. 2014;32(1-2):30-3. doi: 10.1159/000357006. Epub 2014 Feb 28.
Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) has been associated with allergic diseases of the airways and skin. Here, we review the current literature on the sensitization pattern of adult EoE patients and critically discuss the diagnostic and therapeutic tools available. Most EoE patients have elevated total IgE levels in serum and are sensitized to aero- and food allergens as assessed by measuring specific IgE levels and/or the skin prick test. Whereas in children with EoE sensitization to food allergens predominate, in adults EoE symptoms do not correlate with IgE sensitization to specific food allergens. However, in two thirds of adult EoE patients, sensitization to cross-reactive plant allergen components have been be detected, mainly to profilins and PR10 proteins. So far, food triggering EoE can only be identified by an elimination diet and following reintroduction controlled by endoscopy and histology. Further research is required to elucidate the role of allergens in the pathogenesis of EoE and develop appropriate tools for diagnostic and specific treatment.
嗜酸性粒细胞性食管炎 (EoE) 与气道和皮肤的过敏性疾病有关。在这里，我们回顾了成人 EoE 患者致敏模式的现有文献，并批判性地讨论了可用的诊断和治疗工具。大多数 EoE 患者的血清总 IgE 水平升高，并且通过测量特异性 IgE 水平和/或皮肤点刺试验评估对空气和食物过敏原致敏。虽然在患有 EoE 的儿童中，食物过敏致敏占主导地位，但在成人中，EoE 症状与特异性食物过敏原致敏无关。然而，在三分之二的成人 EoE 患者中，已检测到交叉反应性植物过敏原成分的致敏，主要是到丝氨酸蛋白酶和 PR10 蛋白。到目前为止，只能通过消除饮食并通过内镜和组织学控制的重新引入来识别触发 EoE 的食物。需要进一步研究阐明过敏原在 EoE 发病机制中的作用，并开发用于诊断和特异性治疗的适当工具。
