Gardner Jacob K, Zhang Songning, Paquette Max R, Milner Clare E, Brock Elizabeth
Department of Kinesiology, Health, and Physical Education, Biola University, La Mirada, CA.
J Appl Biomech. 2014 Aug;30(4):501-7. doi: 10.1123/jab.2013-0039. Epub 2014 Mar 5.
The recent popularity of unstable shoes has sparked much interest in the efficacy of the shoe design. Anecdotal evidence suggests that earlier designs appear bulky and less aesthetically appealing for everyday use. The purpose of this study was to examine effects of a second generation unstable shoe on center of pressure (COP), ground reaction force (GRF), kinematics, and kinetics of the ankle joint during level walking at normal and fast speeds. In addition, findings were compared with results from the first generation shoe. Fourteen healthy males performed five successful level walking trials in four testing conditions: walking in unstable and control shoes at normal (1.3 m/s) and fast (1.8 m/s) speeds. The unstable shoe resulted in an increase in mediolateral COP displacement, first peak vertical GRF loading rate, braking GRF, ankle eversion range of motion (ROM), and inversion moment; as well as a decrease in anteroposterior COP displacement, second peak vertical GRF, ankle plantarflexion ROM, and dorsiflexion moment. Only minor differences were found between the shoe generations. Results of the generational comparisons suggest that the lower-profile second generation shoe may be as effective at achieving the desired unstable effects while promoting a smoother transition from heel contact through toe off compared with the first generation shoe.
近期，不稳定鞋的流行引发了人们对这种鞋类设计功效的浓厚兴趣。轶事证据表明，早期的设计显得笨重，在日常使用中缺乏美感。本研究的目的是考察第二代不稳定鞋在正常速度和快速行走时对压力中心（COP）、地面反作用力（GRF）、踝关节运动学和动力学的影响。此外，还将研究结果与第一代鞋的结果进行了比较。14名健康男性在四种测试条件下成功完成了五次水平行走试验：分别穿着不稳定鞋和对照鞋以正常速度（1.3米/秒）和快速（1.8米/秒）行走。不稳定鞋导致COP在内外侧方向的位移增加、第一个垂直GRF峰值加载率增加、制动GRF增加、踝关节外翻活动范围（ROM）增加以及内翻力矩增加；同时导致COP在前后方向的位移减小、第二个垂直GRF峰值减小、踝关节跖屈ROM减小以及背屈力矩减小。两代鞋之间仅发现了细微差异。代际比较结果表明，与第一代鞋相比，第二代外形更低的鞋在实现所需不稳定效果的同时，可能在促进从脚跟触地到脚趾离地的平稳过渡方面同样有效。
