Bouchard Thomas J
University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA,
Behav Genet. 2014 Nov;44(6):549-77. doi: 10.1007/s10519-014-9646-x. Epub 2014 Mar 7.
I argue that the g factor meets the fundamental criteria of a scientific construct more fully than any other conception of intelligence. I briefly discuss the evidence regarding the relationship of brain size to intelligence. A review of a large body of evidence demonstrates that there is a g factor in a wide range of species and that, in the species studied, it relates to brain size and is heritable. These findings suggest that many species have evolved a general-purpose mechanism (a general biological intelligence) for dealing with the environments in which they evolved. In spite of numerous studies with considerable statistical power, we know of very few genes that influence g and the effects are very small. Nevertheless, g appears to be highly polygenic. Given the complexity of the human brain, it is not surprising that that one of its primary faculties-intelligence-is best explained by the near infinitesimal model of quantitative genetics.
我认为，与其他任何智力概念相比，g因素更充分地满足了科学建构的基本标准。我简要讨论了关于脑容量与智力关系的证据。对大量证据的综述表明，在广泛的物种中存在g因素，并且在所研究的物种中，它与脑容量相关且具有遗传性。这些发现表明，许多物种已经进化出一种通用机制（一种一般生物智力）来应对它们所进化的环境。尽管进行了大量具有相当统计效力的研究，但我们所知的影响g的基因非常少，而且其影响非常小。然而，g似乎是高度多基因的。鉴于人类大脑的复杂性，其主要能力之一——智力——最好由数量遗传学的近乎无穷小模型来解释，这并不奇怪。
