Guéguinou Maxime, Chantôme Aurélie, Fromont Gaëlle, Bougnoux Philippe, Vandier Christophe, Potier-Cartereau Marie
Inserm, UMR1069 "Nutrition, Croissance et Cancer", Tours F-37032, France; Université François Rabelais, Tours 37032, France.
Inserm, UMR1069 "Nutrition, Croissance et Cancer", Tours F-37032, France; Université François Rabelais, Tours 37032, France; CHRU Tours, Tours, 37032 France.
Biochim Biophys Acta. 2014 Oct;1843(10):2322-33. doi: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2014.02.019. Epub 2014 Mar 6.
Potassium channels belong to the largest and the most diverse super-families of ion channels. Among them, Ca(2+)-activated K(+) channels (KCa) comprise many members. Based on their single channel conductance they are divided into three subfamilies: big conductance (BKCa), intermediate conductance (IKCa) and small conductance (SKCa; SK1, SK2 and SK3). Ca(2+) channels are divided into two main families, voltage gated/voltage dependent Ca(2+) channels and non-voltage gated/voltage independent Ca(2+) channels. Based on their electrophysiological and pharmacological properties and on the tissue where there are expressed, voltage gated Ca(2+) channels (Cav) are divided into 5 families: T-type, L-type, N-type, P/Q-type and R-type Ca(2+). Non-voltage gated Ca(2+) channels comprise the TRP (TRPC, TRPV, TRPM, TRPA, TRPP, TRPML and TRPN) and Orai (Orai1 to Orai3) families and their partners STIM (STIM1 to STIM2). A depolarization is needed to activate voltage-gated Ca(2+) channels while non-voltage gated Ca(2+) channels are activated by Ca(2+) depletion of the endoplasmic reticulum stores (SOCs) or by receptors (ROCs). These two Ca(2+) channel families also control constitutive Ca(2+) entries. For reducing the energy consumption and for the fine regulation of Ca(2+), KCa and Ca(2+) channels appear associated as complexes in excitable and non-excitable cells. Interestingly, there is now evidence that KCa-Ca(2+) channel complexes are also found in cancer cells and contribute to cancer-associated functions such as cell proliferation, cell migration and the capacity to develop metastases. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Calcium signaling in health and disease. Guest Editors: Geert Bultynck, Jacques Haiech, Claus W. Heizmann, Joachim Krebs, and Marc Moreau.
钾通道属于离子通道中最大且最多样化的超家族。其中，钙激活钾通道（KCa）包含许多成员。根据其单通道电导，它们被分为三个亚家族：大电导（BKCa）、中间电导（IKCa）和小电导（SKCa；SK1、SK2和SK3）。钙通道分为两个主要家族，电压门控/电压依赖性钙通道和非电压门控/电压非依赖性钙通道。根据其电生理和药理特性以及表达的组织，电压门控钙通道（Cav）分为5个家族：T型、L型、N型、P/Q型和R型钙通道。非电压门控钙通道包括瞬时受体电位（TRP，TRPC、TRPV、TRPM、TRPA、TRPP、TRPML和TRPN）和Orai（Orai1至Orai3）家族及其伴侣基质相互作用分子（STIM，STIM1至STIM2）。激活电压门控钙通道需要去极化，而非电压门控钙通道则通过内质网钙库耗竭（SOCs）或受体（ROCs）激活。这两个钙通道家族也控制着组成性钙内流。为了降低能量消耗并实现对钙的精细调节，KCa通道和钙通道在可兴奋和不可兴奋细胞中似乎以复合物的形式存在。有趣的是，现在有证据表明，KCa-钙通道复合物也存在于癌细胞中，并参与细胞增殖、细胞迁移和转移形成能力等与癌症相关的功能。本文是名为“健康与疾病中的钙信号传导”特刊的一部分。客座编辑：Geert Bultynck、Jacques Haiech、Claus W. Heizmann、Joachim Krebs和Marc Moreau。
