Sallés Laia, Gironès Xavier, Lafuente José Vicente
Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona, España; Departamento de Fisioterapia, Fundació Universitària del Bages (UAB), Barcelona, España.
Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona, España.
Med Clin (Barc). 2015 Jan 6;144(1):30-4. doi: 10.1016/j.medcli.2013.12.013. Epub 2014 Mar 7.
The basic characteristics of Penfield homunculus (somatotopy and unique representation) have been questioned. The existence of a defined anatomo-functional organization within different segments of the same region is controversial. The presence of multiple motor representations in the primary motor area and in the parietal lobe interconnected by parieto-frontal circuits, which are widely overlapped, form a complex organization. Both features support the recovery of functions after brain injury. Regarding the movement organization, it is possible to yield a relevant impact through the understanding of actions and intentions of others, which is mediated by the activation of mirror-neuron systems. The implementation of cognitive functions (observation, image of the action and imitation) from the acute treatment phase allows the activation of motor representations without having to perform the action and it plays an important role in learning motor patterns.
彭菲尔德小人图的基本特征（躯体定位和独特表征）受到了质疑。同一区域不同节段内明确的解剖功能组织的存在存在争议。初级运动区和顶叶中存在多个通过顶额回路相互连接的运动表征，这些回路广泛重叠，形成了一个复杂的组织。这两个特征都支持脑损伤后功能的恢复。关于运动组织，通过理解他人的动作和意图可能会产生相关影响，这是由镜像神经元系统的激活介导的。从急性治疗阶段开始实施认知功能（观察、动作表象和模仿）可以激活运动表征而无需执行动作，并且在学习运动模式中起重要作用。
