CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.
Centre de Recerca i Innovació de Catalunya, C/Vìctor Pradera 45, 08940 Cornellá de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
Ultrason Sonochem. 2014 Jul;21(4):1535-43. doi: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2014.02.009. Epub 2014 Feb 20.
The potential of ultrasound-assisted technology has been demonstrated by several laboratory scale studies. However, their successful industrial scaling-up is still a challenge due to the limited pilot and commercial sonochemical reactors. In this work, a pilot reactor for laccase-hydrogen peroxide cotton bleaching assisted by ultrasound was scaled-up. For this purpose, an existing dyeing machine was transformed and adapted by including piezoelectric ultrasonic devices. Laboratory experiments demonstrated that both low frequency, high power (22 kHz, 2100 W) and high frequency, low power ultrasounds (850 kHz, 400 W) were required to achieve satisfactory results. Standard half (4 g/L H2O2 at 90 °C for 60 min) and optical (8 g/L H2O2 at 103 °C for 40 min) cotton bleaching processes were used as references. Two sequential stages were established for cotton bleaching: (1) laccase pretreatment assisted by high frequency ultrasound (850 kHz, 400 W) and (2) bleaching using high power ultrasound (22 kHz, 2100 W). When compared with conventional methods, combined laccase-hydrogen peroxide cotton bleaching with ultrasound energy improved the whitening effectiveness. Subsequently, less energy (temperature) and chemicals (hydrogen peroxide) were needed for cotton bleaching thus resulting in costs reduction. This technology allowed the combination of enzyme and hydrogen peroxide treatment in a continuous process. The developed pilot-scale reactor offers an enhancement of the cotton bleaching process with lower environmental impact as well as a better performance of further finishing operations.
超声辅助技术的潜力已被多项实验室规模的研究证明。然而，由于有限的中试和商业声化学反应器，其成功的工业化放大仍然是一个挑战。在这项工作中，我们对超声辅助漆酶-过氧化氢棉漂白的中试反应器进行了放大。为此，我们对现有的染色机进行了改造和适配，包括了压电超声设备。实验室实验表明，低频、高功率（22 kHz，2100 W）和高频、低功率超声（850 kHz，400 W）都需要达到令人满意的效果。标准半漂（4 g/L H2O2，90 °C，60 min）和全漂（8 g/L H2O2，103 °C，40 min）工艺被用作参考。棉漂白建立了两个连续阶段：（1）高频超声（850 kHz，400 W）辅助漆酶预处理，（2）高功率超声（22 kHz，2100 W）漂白。与传统方法相比，超声能量协同漆酶-过氧化氢棉漂白提高了增白效果。随后，棉漂白所需的能量（温度）和化学品（过氧化氢）更少，从而降低了成本。该技术允许酶和过氧化氢处理在连续过程中结合。开发的中试规模反应器提高了棉漂白工艺的性能，具有更低的环境影响，以及对进一步整理操作的更好性能。
