Sousa Maria da Luz Rosário de, Rando-Meirelles Maria Paula Maciel, Tôrres Luísa Helena do Nascimento, Frias Antonio Carlos
Rev Saude Publica. 2013 Dec;47 Suppl 3:50-8. doi: 10.1590/s0034-8910.2013047004340.
To estimate the prevalence of dental caries and treatment needs in 12-year-olds and adolescents.
Cross-sectional study based on results from the epidemiological surveys: Oral Health Conditions in the State of Sao Paulo, 2002 and the Brazilian Oral Health Survey (SBBrasil) 2010. Secondary data for 5,782 (2002) and 369 (2010) 12-year-olds and 880 (2002) and 300 (2010) 15- to 19-year-olds were analyzed. Dental caries attack was evaluated using the DMFT (decayed, missing or filled teeth) index and the need for treatment verified using the criteria proposed by the World Health Organization. The Significant Caries Index was used to measure the severity of the decay in the tercile of the group with the highest prevalence of the disease. In order to analyze the results, the Chi-squared and Mann-Whitney tests were used, with a 5% significance.
There was a decrease of 39.3 percentage points in the DMFT index for 12-year-olds (p < 0.001) and of 41.1 percentage points for the adolescents (p < 0.001) between 2002 and 2010, and an increase of around 161.0 and 303.0 percentage in the group which was free from dental caries respectively. The percentage of restored teeth decreased in both age groups, although the prevalence of dental caries did not change in the group more affected by dental caries. In the group with few dental caries, there was a decrease in the component 'tooth loss' for adolescents and increase in the component 'decayed teeth' for the 12-years-old and the adolescents. There was an increase in the need for dental treatment in the group as a whole and in the group of 12-year-olds more affected by dental caries; and among the adolescents, the need for restoration on two or more surface decreased in the group as a whole and also in the group which suffered least from dental caries.
The decreasing need for non-complex treatment in adolescents suggests that promotion and prevention activities are having a positive effect on this group. Moreover, the two epidemiological surveys in the state of Sao Paulo show improvements in oral health conditions in both age groups studied and calls for monitoring aimed also at the group least affected by dental caries.
评估12岁儿童和青少年的龋齿患病率及治疗需求。
基于流行病学调查结果的横断面研究：2002年圣保罗州口腔健康状况以及2010年巴西口腔健康调查（SBBrasil）。分析了5782名（2002年）和369名（2010年）12岁儿童以及880名（2002年）和300名（2010年）15至19岁青少年的二手数据。使用DMFT（龋失补牙）指数评估龋齿发病率，并根据世界卫生组织提出的标准核实治疗需求。使用显著龋指数来衡量疾病患病率最高的三分位数人群中龋齿的严重程度。为分析结果，采用卡方检验和曼-惠特尼检验，显著性水平为5%。
2002年至2010年期间，12岁儿童的DMFT指数下降了39.3个百分点（p < 0.001），青少年下降了41.1个百分点（p < 0.001），无龋人群分别增加了约161.0和303.0个百分点。两个年龄组中修复牙的百分比均下降，尽管受龋齿影响更严重的组中龋齿患病率没有变化。在龋齿较少的组中，青少年的“失牙”部分减少，12岁儿童和青少年的“龋牙”部分增加。总体人群以及受龋齿影响更严重的12岁儿童组对牙科治疗的需求增加；在青少年中，总体人群以及受龋齿影响最小的组中两个或更多牙面修复的需求减少。
青少年对非复杂治疗的需求减少表明促进和预防活动对该群体产生了积极影响。此外，圣保罗州的两项流行病学调查显示，所研究的两个年龄组的口腔健康状况均有所改善，同时也需要对受龋齿影响最小的群体进行监测。
