Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Departamento de Oftalmologia, Otorrinolaringologia, Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço, São PauloSP, Brasil, Departamento de Oftalmologia, Otorrinolaringologia, Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Departamento de Clínica Médica, BotucatuSP, Brasil, Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brasil.
Braz J Otorhinolaryngol. 2014 Jan-Feb;80(1):54-9. doi: 10.5935/1808-8694.20140012.
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is defined as the presence of renal injury that leads to the slow and progressive loss of kidney function.
To compare audiological tests between patients with CKD receiving different types of treatment.
This was a clinical and experimental study. Groups were divided according to treatment: hemodialysis (n = 35), peritoneal dialysis (n = 15), and conservative (n = 51), and were compared to 27 healthy controls. Patients older than 60 years; those with congenital hearing loss, genetic syndromes, and middle-ear infections; and those who had been submitted to a kidney transplant were excluded. Audiologic evaluation included pure-tone audiometry, transient evoked otoacoustic emissions, and auditory brainstem response (ABR). The variables considered were gender, age, diagnosis of arterial hypertension, time since the diagnosis of diabetes and hypertension, CKD stage, duration of CKD, and duration of treatment.
The variables age, presence of arterial hypertension, and time of CKD were statistically significant and controlled. The auditory thresholds measured by pure-tone threshold audiometry were worse for the conservative treatment group, and the III-V interval of the ABR of the conservative treatment group was significantly greater than that of the hemodialysis groups.
The conservative treatment group presented worse audiological tests, regardless of hypertension and diabetes, reinforcing that patients need to undergo a complete hearing assessment for better understanding of the disease and its effects on the auditory system.
慢性肾脏病（CKD）定义为存在导致肾功能缓慢而进行性丧失的肾脏损伤。
比较接受不同类型治疗的 CKD 患者的听力测试。
这是一项临床和实验研究。根据治疗方法将患者分为：血液透析（n = 35）、腹膜透析（n = 15）和保守治疗（n = 51），并与 27 名健康对照进行比较。排除年龄大于 60 岁的患者；先天性听力损失、遗传综合征和中耳感染患者；以及已接受肾脏移植的患者。听力评估包括纯音听力测试、瞬态诱发耳声发射和听觉脑干反应（ABR）。考虑的变量包括性别、年龄、动脉高血压诊断、糖尿病和高血压诊断后的时间、CKD 分期、CKD 持续时间和治疗持续时间。
年龄、存在动脉高血压和 CKD 持续时间等变量具有统计学意义且受到控制。纯音阈值听力测试测量的听力阈值在保守治疗组较差，保守治疗组的 ABR III-V 间隔明显大于血液透析组。
无论是否存在高血压和糖尿病，保守治疗组的听力测试均较差，这强调患者需要进行全面的听力评估，以更好地了解疾病及其对听觉系统的影响。
