Infectious Disease Division, 522F Johnson Pavilion, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6073, United States.
Infectious Disease Division, 522F Johnson Pavilion, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6073, United States.
Curr Opin Virol. 2014 Jun;6:6-12. doi: 10.1016/j.coviro.2014.02.006. Epub 2014 Mar 12.
A half billion people have genital herpes infections worldwide. Approximately one-fifth of American women between ages 14 and 49 are HSV-2 seropositive. The development of an effective genital herpes vaccine is a global health necessity based on the mental anguish genital herpes causes for some individuals, the fact that pregnant women with genital herpes risk transmitting infection to their newborn children, and the observation that HSV-2 infection is associated with a 3-fold to 4-fold increased probability of HIV acquisition. We review the strengths and limitations of preclinical animal models used to assess genital herpes vaccine candidates and the goals of prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines. We also discuss the current pipeline of vaccine candidates and lessons learned from past clinical trials that serve as a stimulus for new strategies, study designs and endpoint determinations.
全球有 5 亿人感染生殖器疱疹。在美国，14 岁至 49 岁的女性中，约有五分之一为单纯疱疹病毒 2 型血清阳性。鉴于生殖器疱疹给部分患者带来严重的心理痛苦，孕妇若患有生殖器疱疹会增加新生儿感染的风险，且单纯疱疹病毒 2 型感染会使 HIV 感染的风险增加 3 至 4 倍，因此开发有效的生殖器疱疹疫苗成为全球健康的迫切需求。我们综述了用于评估生殖器疱疹候选疫苗的临床前动物模型的优缺点，以及预防性和治疗性疫苗的目标。我们还讨论了当前疫苗候选物的研发情况，并探讨了从既往临床试验中吸取的经验教训，这些经验教训为新策略、研究设计和终点确定提供了思路。
