艾伯塔省北部 HIV 和乙型肝炎病毒合并感染的流行情况及相关因素。
Prevalence and correlates of HIV and hepatitis B virus coinfection in Northern Alberta.
机构信息
University of Alberta;
Northern Alberta HIV Program, Edmonton, Alberta.
出版信息
Can J Infect Dis Med Microbiol. 2014 Spring;25(1):e8-e13. doi: 10.1155/2014/971546.
BACKGROUND
HIV and hepatitis B virus (HBV) share transmission routes, and coinfection is associated with higher morbidity and mortality. To date, no Canadian studies have examined HIV-HBV coinfection.
OBJECTIVES
To examine the prevalence and correlates of HIV and HBV coinfections in Northern Alberta.
METHODS
The present study was a retrospective database review of all HIV-infected (HIV+) individuals in Northern Alberta from 1982 to 2010 and a chart review of HBV surface antigen-positive individuals for whom charts were available (46.2%).
RESULTS
Of 2844 HIV+ patients, 2579 (90.7%) had been tested for HBV surface antigen, and 143 (5.5%) of these were HBV coinfected. Coinfected males were primarily Caucasian (70.8%), and coinfected females were primarily black (56.4%) or Aboriginal (31.3%). Coinfected individuals were more likely to be male (88.1% versus 71.3%; P<0.001) and to have died (34.3% versus 17.9%; P<0.001).
CONCLUSIONS
The prevalence of coinfection with HBV in HIV-infected patients in Northern Alberta is lower than reported in other developed nations. The pattern of coinfections in Northern Alberta likely follows immigration trends. Recognition and management may be improving with time; however, further research and additional strategies are required to enhance the prevention, identification and management of HBV infection in HIV-infected individuals.
背景
HIV 和乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）具有共同的传播途径，合并感染与更高的发病率和死亡率相关。迄今为止，加拿大尚无研究检查 HIV-HBV 合并感染。
目的
检查艾伯塔省北部 HIV-HBV 合并感染的流行情况及其相关因素。
方法
本研究是对 1982 年至 2010 年间艾伯塔省北部所有 HIV 感染者（HIV+）的回顾性数据库研究，以及对 HBV 表面抗原阳性个体的图表回顾（46.2%）。
结果
在 2844 例 HIV+患者中，有 2579 例（90.7%）接受了 HBV 表面抗原检测，其中 143 例（5.5%）为 HBV 合并感染。合并感染的男性主要为白种人（70.8%），合并感染的女性主要为黑种人（56.4%）或原住民（31.3%）。合并感染的个体更可能为男性（88.1%对 71.3%；P<0.001），且更可能死亡（34.3%对 17.9%；P<0.001）。
结论
在艾伯塔省北部的 HIV 感染者中，HBV 合并感染的流行率低于其他发达国家的报告。艾伯塔省北部的合并感染模式可能符合移民趋势。随着时间的推移，认识和管理可能会得到改善；然而，需要进一步的研究和额外的策略来加强对 HIV 感染者 HBV 感染的预防、识别和管理。
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