Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Tjele, Denmark.
J Appl Microbiol. 2014 Jul;117(1):160-72. doi: 10.1111/jam.12498. Epub 2014 Apr 4.
Acidification with concentrated H(2)SO(4) is a novel strategy to reduce NH(3) emissions from livestock slurry. It was recently found that also CH(4) emissions from acidified slurry are reduced. This study investigated the microbiological basis and temporal stability of these effects.
Pig slurry from two farms, acidified by different techniques or untreated, was stored for 83 days in a pilot-scale facility. Methanogens were characterized before and after storage by T-RFLP and qPCR targeting mcrA. Emissions of NH(3) and CH(4) during storage were quantified. Acidified slurry pH was nearly constant at values of 5·5 and 6·5. Ammonia losses were reduced by 84 and 49%, respectively, while CH(4) emission with both acidification techniques was reduced by >90%. T-RFLP fingerprints showed little effect of acidification or storage time. A major T-RF of 105 bp could represent methanogens related to Thermoplasmata (Tp). No treatment effects on gene copy numbers were seen with universal methanogen primers, whereas effects were found with Tp-specific primers.
Methane emissions were reduced >90% during storage. Thermoplasmata-related methanogens could be involved in CH(4) emissions from pig slurry.
The effect of acidification on CH(4) emissions during storage of pig slurry was quantified for the first time. Acidification with sulphuric acid holds promise as a novel greenhouse gas mitigation strategy for confined livestock production.
用浓 H₂SO₄酸化是减少家畜粪污中 NH₃排放的一种新策略。最近发现，酸化粪污中的 CH₄排放也减少了。本研究探讨了这些效应的微生物基础和时间稳定性。
来自两个农场的猪粪分别用不同的技术酸化或未经处理，在一个中试设施中储存了 83 天。在储存前后，通过 T-RFLP 和靶向 mcrA 的 qPCR 对产甲烷菌进行了特征描述。在储存过程中定量测定了 NH₃和 CH₄的排放。酸化粪污的 pH 值几乎恒定在 5.5 和 6.5。两种酸化技术分别减少了 84%和 49%的氨损失，同时减少了 >90%的 CH₄排放。T-RFLP 指纹图谱显示酸化或储存时间的影响很小。一个主要的 105 bp T-RF 可能代表与 Thermoplasmata（Tp）相关的产甲烷菌。通用产甲烷菌引物未显示处理对基因拷贝数的影响，而 Tp 特异性引物则有影响。
在储存过程中，甲烷排放量减少了 >90%。与 Thermoplasmata 相关的产甲烷菌可能参与了猪粪中 CH₄的排放。
首次定量测定了酸化对猪粪储存过程中 CH₄排放的影响。用硫酸酸化作为封闭家畜生产中温室气体减排的一种新策略具有很大的潜力。
