Afzali Nargess, Ahmadi Firoozeh, Akhbari Farnaz
Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad Branch, Mashhad, Iran.
Department of Reproductive Imaging at Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
Iran J Reprod Med. 2013 Jun;11(6):519-24.
Genital tuberculosis is a chorionic disease and mostly occurs by haematogenous spread from extra genital source like lungs, peritoneum, lymph nodes and bones. Transmission through a sexual intercourse is also possible. Since the majority of patients are in reproductive ages, involvement of fallopian tubes and endometrium cause infertility in patients.
Reviewing 4 cases of female genital tuberculosis, which referred to an infertility treatment center with various symptoms, we encountered various appearances on hysterosalpingography (HSG).
The genitourinary tract is the most common site of extra pulmonary TB. The primary focus of genital tuberculosis is fallopian tubes, which are almost always affected bilaterally but not symmetrically. Because of common involvement of fallopian tubes and endometrial cavity, disease causes infertility. Diagnosis is not easy because genital tuberculosis has a wide range of clinical and radiological manifestations with slow growing symptoms. Detailed hysterosalpingography finding may be helpful in better diagnosis of the disease. This case series aims to depict the various hystrosalpingographic appearances and pathology produced by tuberculosis and related literatures are reviewed in order to establish a better diagnostic evaluation of genital tuberculosis.
生殖器结核是一种绒毛膜疾病，主要通过血行播散从肺、腹膜、淋巴结和骨骼等生殖器外来源传播。也可能通过性交传播。由于大多数患者处于生育年龄，输卵管和子宫内膜受累会导致患者不孕。
回顾4例因各种症状转诊至不孕治疗中心的女性生殖器结核病例，我们在子宫输卵管造影（HSG）中发现了各种表现。
泌尿生殖道是肺外结核最常见的部位。生殖器结核的主要病灶是输卵管，几乎总是双侧受累但不对称。由于输卵管和子宫内膜腔常受累，该病会导致不孕。由于生殖器结核具有广泛的临床和放射学表现且症状发展缓慢，诊断并不容易。详细的子宫输卵管造影检查结果可能有助于更好地诊断该病。本病例系列旨在描述结核产生的各种子宫输卵管造影表现及病理情况，并复习相关文献以建立更好的生殖器结核诊断评估方法。
