[Effect of salts on the lytic activity of gramicidin S and its derivatives].

Potassium and sodium chlorides, sulfates, acetates and phosphates activated the lytic action of gramicidin S and its derivatives on protoplasts of M. lysodeikticus. The derivatives used were positively charged and neutral by the free amino groups in the ornithine moieties. The salts had no effect on lysis of the bacillar protoplasts by gramicidin S and its positively charged derivatives. The lytic effect of the neutral derivative on the bacillar protoplasts markedly increased in the presence of the salts, activation of the lysis by the phosphates being more pronounced than that by the other salts. Increased membrane activity of gramicidin S in the presence of the salts was not connected with association of the substance molecules in solution. Probably it was due to increased destruction of the membranes at the account of activated detergent effect of the antibiotic and its derivatives.