Zradziński Patryk, Leszko Wiesław, Karpowicz Jolanta, Gryz Krzysztof
Med Pr. 2013;64(6):817-27. doi: 10.13075/mp.5893.2013.0070.
The assessment of electromagnetic field distribution near radiophones and their use warranted an analysis of ther mal exposure hazards and related health effects, based on i.e. numerical calculations of specific energy absorption rate (SAR).
The investigation concerned radiophones of conventional and trunked communication systems. Electromagnetic hazards assessment involved numerical simulations of SAR inside users' models (male and female) for 5 radiophones locations - near the ear, arm, chest, hip and face.
Maximum SAR (10 g) values depend on radiophone type, output power and locations. Near the chest, hip and face they are 6-, 2- and 2-fold higher than for location near the ear. SAR (10 g) may exceed Directive 2013/35/EU limits at maximum (4 W) output power of conventional radiophones, and the distance between antenna and worker's body shorter than 5 cm. SAR (10 g) values near trunked radiophones do not exceed 35% of the Directive limits. The Polish safety and health regulations in particular cases of radiophones use and local exposure may not guarantee the compliance with Directive 2013/35/EU requirements, i.e. SAR (10 g) may locally exceed exposure limit values (ELVs) during exposure to electromagnetic fields of hazardous, and even intermediate zones.
It was demonstrated that exposure of trunked radiophones users does not exceed the limits laid down in the Polish safety and health regulations and Directive 2013/3/EU however, in particular scenarios of the conventional radiophones use overexposure can be observed. The results showed that in exposure to electromagnetic field emitted by sources located near workers' body there is a need for more detailed analysis of the compliance of Polish safety and health regulations with Directive 2013/35/EU requirements.
对无线电话附近的电磁场分布及其使用情况进行评估，需要基于比吸收率（SAR）的数值计算等方法，分析热暴露危害及相关健康影响。
该调查涉及传统通信系统和集群通信系统的无线电话。电磁危害评估包括对5种无线电话放置位置（靠近耳朵、手臂、胸部、臀部和面部）在用户模型（男性和女性）内的SAR进行数值模拟。
最大SAR（10克）值取决于无线电话类型、输出功率和放置位置。在胸部、臀部和面部附近，其值分别比在耳朵附近高6倍、2倍和2倍。在传统无线电话的最大（4瓦）输出功率且天线与工作人员身体之间的距离小于5厘米时，SAR（10克）可能超过2013/35/EU指令限值。集群无线电话附近的SAR（10克）值不超过指令限值的35%。波兰的安全与健康法规在无线电话使用的特定情况和局部暴露方面可能无法保证符合2013/35/EU指令要求，即在暴露于危险甚至中间区域的电磁场时，SAR（10克）可能会局部超过暴露限值（ELV）。
结果表明，集群无线电话用户的暴露不超过波兰安全与健康法规及2013/3/EU指令规定的限值，然而，在传统无线电话使用的特定场景中可能会观察到过度暴露。结果表明，在暴露于工作人员身体附近源发出的电磁场时，需要更详细地分析波兰安全与健康法规与2013/35/EU指令要求的符合性。
