Philip Jannel, Chadee Derek, Yearwood Rosana Patricia
a Department of Behavioural Sciences , The University of the West Indies , St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago.
AIDS Care. 2014;26(10):1236-41. doi: 10.1080/09540121.2014.896449. Epub 2014 Mar 20.
One of the most pervasive stigmatising conditions in society today is HIV/AIDS. In Trinidad and Tobago, stigma and discrimination are still pervasive especially against persons living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV) and at-risk groups. HIV stigmatisation takes place at all levels including health care institutions, and is a major obstacle to effective HIV/AIDS prevention and care. This study examined health care students' reactions towards HIV patients. A stratified random sample of 339 health care students from Trinidad was used. A 2 × 2 factorial design using vignettes manipulated a male patient's sexual orientation (heterosexual/homosexual) and HIV onset controllability (high/low). Multivariate analysis of variance and discriminant function analysis were used to analyse the data. There was a significant main effect of HIV onset controllability on participants' attribution of blame, emotions, prejudicial evaluation and willingness to interact with PLHIV, Λ (.64) F(6, 330) = 31.44, p <.001, [Formula: see text] = .37. Attribution of blame and prejudicial evaluation discriminated between reactions to patients in low onset control and high onset control vignettes. Cognitive-affective appraisal processes are instrumental in determining health care providers' reaction towards PLHIV.
当今社会最普遍的污名化状况之一就是艾滋病毒/艾滋病。在特立尼达和多巴哥，污名和歧视仍然普遍存在，尤其是针对艾滋病毒/艾滋病感染者（PLHIV）以及高危群体。艾滋病毒污名化在包括医疗机构在内的各个层面都有发生，并且是有效预防和护理艾滋病毒/艾滋病的主要障碍。本研究调查了医护专业学生对艾滋病毒患者的反应。采用了来自特立尼达的339名医护专业学生的分层随机样本。使用小场景的2×2析因设计操纵了男性患者的性取向（异性恋/同性恋）以及艾滋病毒发病的可控性（高/低）。使用方差的多变量分析和判别函数分析来分析数据。艾滋病毒发病的可控性对参与者的责备归因、情绪、偏见性评价以及与艾滋病毒/艾滋病感染者互动的意愿有显著的主效应，Λ（.64）F（6, 330）= 31.44，p <.001，[公式：见原文] =.37。责备归因和偏见性评价区分了对低发病可控性和高发病可控性小场景中患者的反应。认知 - 情感评估过程有助于确定医护人员对艾滋病毒/艾滋病感染者的反应。
