Calvet Benjamin, Clément Jean-Pierre
CMRR du Limousin, France ; Inserm UMR1094 ; Pôle Universitaire de l'adulte et de la personne âgée, Centre Hospitalier Esquirol, Limoges, France.
Geriatr Psychol Neuropsychiatr Vieil. 2014 Mar;12(1):52-62. doi: 10.1684/pnv.2014.0456.
The fifth version of the Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM -5) was released in May 2013 after 14 years of development. Originally announced as an integrative version of the latest data in neuroscience, this manual should be more based on pathophysiology than the previous versions. Mixed dimensional and categorical mental disorder approach would also take the place of categorical approach which was considered obsolete. Before its release, the DSM-5 proposed revision has been criticized from many psychiatrists across the world. Some felt that paradigm change towards a dimensional approach turned out to be too complex and inadapted for practice. Others pointed out that DSM-5 tended to turn any behavior that deviates from normality into psychiatric diagnoses and thus make everybody ill. Previous DSM versions had left little space for elderly psychiatry. Indeed, few topics took into account clinical characteristics of mental disorders in the elderly. This review provides an overview of the changes in the DSM-in the field of old age psychiatry. We try to identify the DSM-5 key points for clinical practice and elderly psychiatric care. Various past and recent controversies that have been issued on this new DSM version will also be discussed.
《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》（DSM -5）的第五版在历经14年的编撰后于2013年5月发布。该手册最初宣称是整合了神经科学最新数据的版本，相较于之前的版本，它应更基于病理生理学。混合维度与分类的精神障碍方法也将取代被认为过时的分类方法。在发布之前，DSM -5的修订提议就受到了全球众多精神科医生的批评。一些人认为向维度方法的范式转变过于复杂，不适合临床实践。另一些人则指出，DSM -5倾向于将任何偏离正常的行为都归为精神疾病诊断，从而让每个人都“生病”。以往的DSM版本几乎没有给老年精神病学留下空间。实际上，很少有主题考虑到老年精神障碍的临床特征。本综述概述了DSM在老年精神病学领域的变化。我们试图确定DSM -5在临床实践和老年精神病护理方面的关键点。同时也将讨论围绕这个新DSM版本产生的各种过去和近期的争议。
