He Jin-Hua, Han Ze-Ping, Li Yu-Guang
Department of Laboratory, Central Hospital of Panyu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511400, P.R. China.
Biomed Rep. 2014 Jan;2(1):19-23. doi: 10.3892/br.2013.191. Epub 2013 Oct 31.
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are untranslated transcripts with longer than 200 nucleotides (nt), which possess many of the structural characteristics of mRNAs, including a poly A tail, 5'-capping, and a promoter structure, but no conserved open reading frame. Moreover, lncRNA expression patterns change during differentiation and exhibit a variety of splicing patterns. Many lncRNAs are expressed at specific times and in specific tissues during development. It has been proposed that lncRNAs are involved in the epigenetic regulation of coding genes, and thus exert a powerful effect on a number of physiological and pathological processes, including the pathogenesis of many human rare diseases.
长链非编码RNA(lncRNAs)是长度超过200个核苷酸(nt)的非编码转录本,它们具有许多mRNA的结构特征,包括多聚腺苷酸尾、5'-帽结构和启动子结构,但没有保守的开放阅读框。此外,lncRNA的表达模式在分化过程中会发生变化,并呈现出多种剪接模式。许多lncRNAs在发育过程中的特定时间和特定组织中表达。有人提出,lncRNAs参与编码基因的表观遗传调控,从而对许多生理和病理过程产生强大影响,包括许多人类罕见疾病的发病机制。