Sánchez Ricardo, Jaramillo Luis Eduardo, Herazo María Isabel
Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, D.C, Colombia.
Hospital San Rafael de Pasto, Pasto, Colombia.
Biomedica. 2013 Apr-Jun;33(2):276-82.
Early psychiatric rehospitalization is defined as the readmission within the first three months after discharge.
To determine risk factors for early rehospitalization through the evaluation of two scenarios: readmission within three months and within one month post-discharge.
A prospective cohort study was conducted including 214 patients attending a psychiatric hospital in Bogotá. The follow-up included one year post discharge. A total of 311 hospitalization events were analyzed. GEE models for longitudinal data were used to deal with repeated measures in the statistical analysis.
Using the three-month criteria, early rehospitalization was found in 49.5% of 311 hospitalization events, while the one-month criteria was found in 31% of them. The three-month model showed that marital status (divorced-separated), diagnosis of substances use disorder, diagnosis related to medical condition and discharge produced by remission are factors associated with the outcome. The one-month model showed that male gender and domestic partnership act as protective factors.
In this sample, early rehospitalization is a frequent phenomenon. Factors strongly associated are related to psychosocial support, medical comorbidity, psychoactive substances use disorders and remission to a different hospital.
早期精神科再住院被定义为出院后前三个月内再次入院。
通过评估两种情况来确定早期再住院的危险因素：出院后三个月内和一个月内再次入院。
进行了一项前瞻性队列研究，纳入了214名在波哥大一家精神病医院就诊的患者。随访包括出院后一年。共分析了311次住院事件。在统计分析中使用广义估计方程（GEE）模型来处理重复测量数据。
采用三个月标准时，在311次住院事件中有49.5%发生早期再住院，而采用一个月标准时，这一比例为31%。三个月模型显示婚姻状况（离婚-分居）、物质使用障碍诊断、与躯体疾病相关的诊断以及因病情缓解而出院是与该结果相关的因素。一个月模型显示男性性别和同居关系起到保护因素的作用。
在该样本中，早期再住院是一种常见现象。密切相关的因素与心理社会支持、躯体共病、精神活性物质使用障碍以及转至其他医院病情缓解有关。
